Passion and Resurrection

PER279 Return to Jerusalem and stop at Bethphage

The article examines Jesus’ arrival at Bethphage, a strategic stop before Jerusalem. Jesus sends two disciples to fetch a colt in order to fulfil a messianic prophecy. Bethphage, the "house of figs", is crucial in the Gospel narratives.

Matthew 21.1-5 (King James Version) :

And when they drew nigh unto Jerusalem, and were come to Bethphage, unto the mount of Olives, then sent Jesus two disciples,Saying unto them, Go into the village over against you, and straightway ye shall find an ass tied, and a colt with her: loose them, and bring them unto me.And if any man say ought unto you, ye shall say, The Lord hath need of them; and straightway he will send them.All this was done, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophet, saying,Tell ye the daughter of Sion, Behold, thy King cometh unto thee, meek, and sitting upon an ass, and a colt the foal of an ass.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER280 Triumphal entry into Jerusalem

Jesus’ triumphal entry into Jerusalem on March 27, AD 33, fulfilling the prophecy of Zechariah, is a messianic declaration of peace. This event, described in all four Gospels, presents Jesus not as a conqueror but as the Prince of Peace. In response, the crowd acclaims him, affirming his messiahship.

Psalms 118.1-29 (King James Version) :

O give thanks unto the LORD; for he is good: because his mercy endureth for ever.Let Israel now say, that his mercy endureth for ever.Let the house of Aaron now say, that his mercy endureth for ever.Let them now that fear the LORD say, that his mercy endureth for ever.I called upon the LORD in distress: the LORD answered me, and set me in a large place.^{aNotein distress: Heb. out of distress}The LORD is on my side; I will not fear: what can man do unto me?^{aNoteon…: Heb. for me}The LORD taketh my part with them that help me: therefore shall I see my desire upon them that hate me.It is better to trust in the LORD than to put confidence in man.It is better to trust in the LORD than to put confidence in princes.All nations compassed me about: but in the name of the LORD will I destroy them.^{aNotedestroy…: Heb. cut them off}They compassed me about; yea, they compassed me about: but in the name of the LORD I will destroy them.They compassed me about like bees; they are quenched as the fire of thorns: for in the name of the LORD I will destroy them.^{aNotedestroy: Heb. cut down}Thou hast thrust sore at me that I might fall: but the LORD helped me.The LORD is my strength and song, and is become my salvation.The voice of rejoicing and salvation is in the tabernacles of the righteous: the right hand of the LORD doeth valiantly.The right hand of the LORD is exalted: the right hand of the LORD doeth valiantly.I shall not die, but live, and declare the works of the LORD.The LORD hath chastened me sore: but he hath not given me over unto death.Open to me the gates of righteousness: I will go into them, and I will praise the LORD:This gate of the LORD, into which the righteous shall enter.I will praise thee: for thou hast heard me, and art become my salvation.The stone which the builders refused is become the head stone of the corner.This is the LORD’s doing; it is marvellous in our eyes.^aNotetheThis is the day which the LORD hath made; we will rejoice and be glad in it.Save now, I beseech thee, O LORD: O LORD, I beseech thee, send now prosperity.Blessed be he that cometh in the name of the LORD: we have blessed you out of the house of the LORD.God is the LORD, which hath shewed us light: bind the sacrifice with cords, even unto the horns of the altar.Thou art my God, and I will praise thee: thou art my God, I will exalt thee.O give thanks unto the LORD; for he is good: for his mercy endureth for ever.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER308 The plot against the Messiah Jesus

The plot against Jesus is devised by the religious authorities before the Passover, with Judas’s help. Caiaphas convenes the Sanhedrin to condemn Jesus, regarded as a threat, by using false witnesses. Pilate is informed so as to facilitate the arrest on the Mount of Olives.

Matthew 26.1-5 (King James Version) :

And it came to pass, when Jesus had finished all these sayings, he said unto his disciples,Ye know that after two days is the feast of the passover, and the Son of man is betrayed to be crucified.Then assembled together the chief priests, and the scribes, and the elders of the people, unto the palace of the high priest, who was called Caiaphas,And consulted that they might take Jesus by subtilty, and kill him.But they said, Not on the feast day, lest there be an uproar among the people.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER309 Preparation of the Passover

This article focuses on Jesus and his disciples preparing the Passover. It explores the biblical accounts of this moment, the merging of the Passover and Unleavened Bread festivities, and the practical adaptations of traditional practices in the face of the influx of worshippers in Jerusalem.

Luke 22.7-13 (King James Version) :

Then came the day of unleavened bread, when the passover must be killed.And he sent Peter and John, saying, Go and prepare us the passover, that we may eat.And they said unto him, Where wilt thou that we prepare?And he said unto them, Behold, when ye are entered into the city, there shall a man meet you, bearing a pitcher of water; follow him into the house where he entereth in.And ye shall say unto the goodman of the house, The Master saith unto thee, Where is the guestchamber, where I shall eat the passover with my disciples?And he shall shew you a large upper room furnished: there make ready.And they went, and found as he had said unto them: and they made ready the passover.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER311 Judas Iscariot, the traitor, is identified

This article explores the betrayal of Judas Iscariot at the last Passover meal with Jesus. By analyzing the Gospel accounts, it highlights the disciples’ reactions and the theological implications of this crucial event in Jerusalem.

Mark 14.18-21 (King James Version) :

And as they sat and did eat, Jesus said, Verily I say unto you, One of you which eateth with me shall betray me.And they began to be sorrowful, and to say unto him one by one, Is it I? and another said, Is it I?And he answered and said unto them, It is one of the twelve, that dippeth with me in the dish.The Son of man indeed goeth, as it is written of him: but woe to that man by whom the Son of man is betrayed! good were it for that man if he had never been born.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER315 The Departure of Judas Iscariot

The article explores the dramatic departure of Judas Iscariot during the last Passover meal, described essentially in the Gospel of John. This moment, steeped in symbolism, marks the progress of the redemptive drama leading to the arrest of Jesus, highlighting the complexity of Jesus' gesture of offering bread to Judas, at once an act of grace and of judgment.

John 13.26 (King James Version) :

Jesus answered, He it is, to whom I shall give a sop, when I have dipped it. And when he had dipped the sop, he gave it to Judas Iscariot, the son of Simon.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER317 Peter and another disciple offer to defend their Master

The article deals with the reaction of Peter and the disciples to the announcement of Jesus’ death. Misreading the message, they consider an earthly solution to a spiritual issue. The text explains how the Messiah’s mission is revealed through the crucifixion, finally leading the disciples to grasp its true meaning. The moment captured here shows the journey from incomprehension to genuine faith.

Luke 22.38 (King James Version) :

And they said, Lord, behold, here are two swords. And he said unto them, It is enough.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER316 Peter’s denial foretold

The article explores Jesus’ prediction of Peter’s denial, highlighting the differences between the Gospel accounts and Jesus’ compassion for Peter’s human weakness.

John 13.36-38 (King James Version) :

Simon Peter said unto him, Lord, whither goest thou? Jesus answered him, Whither I go, thou canst not follow me now; but thou shalt follow me afterwards.Peter said unto him, Lord, why cannot I follow thee now? I will lay down my life for thy sake.Jesus answered him, Wilt thou lay down thy life for my sake? Verily, verily, I say unto thee, The cock shall not crow, till thou hast denied me thrice.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER327 Departure for the Mount of Olives

The article examines the departure of Jesus and his disciples for the Mount of Olives after the Last Supper, where, after singing the psalms, they head to a place full of prophetic significance, near the site of the future crucifixion.

Mark 14.26-28 (King James Version) :

And when they had sung an hymn, they went out into the mount of Olives.And Jesus saith unto them, All ye shall be offended because of me this night: for it is written, I will smite the shepherd, and the sheep shall be scattered.But after that I am risen, I will go before you into Galilee.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER322 Warning About Persecution

The article explains Jesus’ warning to his disciples about the inevitable persecution they will face. Drawing on the Gospels, it shows that this hatred is bound up with their belonging to Christ. Yet Jesus promises the support of the Holy Spirit to help them go through these trials.

John 16.2 (King James Version) :

They shall put you out of the synagogues: yea, the time cometh, that whosoever killeth you will think that he doeth God service.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER328 Stop at Gethsemane

The article ‘PER328 - Stop at Gethsemane’ explores the meaning of the Gethsemane episode in the Gospels. It highlights Jesus’ suffering and prayer before his arrest and interprets this moment as a lesson on prayer and submission to the divine will.

Matthew 26.36 (King James Version) :

Then cometh Jesus with them unto a place called Gethsemane, and saith unto the disciples, Sit ye here, while I go and pray yonder.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER329 The struggle in prayer

The article analyzes Jesus' prayer in Gethsemane, illustrating his human suffering and his submission to the divine will. It highlights the historical and scriptural context of the event, offering a theological reflection on Jesus' redemptive mission and the exhortation to watch and pray in times of trial.

Matthew 26.37-45 (King James Version) :

And he took with him Peter and the two sons of Zebedee, and began to be sorrowful and very heavy.Then saith he unto them, My soul is exceeding sorrowful, even unto death: tarry ye here, and watch with me.And he went a little further, and fell on his face, and prayed, saying, O my Father, if it be possible, let this cup pass from me: nevertheless not as I will, but as thou wilt.And he cometh unto the disciples, and findeth them asleep, and saith unto Peter, What, could ye not watch with me one hour?Watch and pray, that ye enter not into temptation: the spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak.He went away again the second time, and prayed, saying, O my Father, if this cup may not pass away from me, except I drink it, thy will be done.And he came and found them asleep again: for their eyes were heavy.And he left them, and went away again, and prayed the third time, saying the same words.Then cometh he to his disciples, and saith unto them, Sleep on now, and take your rest: behold, the hour is at hand, and the Son of man is betrayed into the hands of sinners.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER330 The band led by Judas Iscariot arrives

This article deals with the arrest of Jesus by Judas Iscariot in the garden of Gethsemane, as described in the Gospels. It analyzes the context and implications of this key event in the passion of Jesus, exploring the accounts of Matthew, Mark, Luke and John.

John 18.2-12 (King James Version) :

And Judas also, which betrayed him, knew the place: for Jesus ofttimes resorted thither with his disciples.Judas then, having received a band of men and officers from the chief priests and Pharisees, cometh thither with lanterns and torches and weapons.Jesus therefore, knowing all things that should come upon him, went forth, and said unto them, Whom seek ye?They answered him, Jesus of Nazareth. Jesus saith unto them, I am he. And Judas also, which betrayed him, stood with them.As soon then as he had said unto them, I am he, they went backward, and fell to the ground.Then asked he them again, Whom seek ye? And they said, Jesus of Nazareth.Jesus answered, I have told you that I am he: if therefore ye seek me, let these go their way:That the saying might be fulfilled, which he spake, Of them which thou gavest me have I lost none.Then Simon Peter having a sword drew it, and smote the high priest’s servant, and cut off his right ear. The servant’s name was Malchus.Then said Jesus unto Peter, Put up thy sword into the sheath: the cup which my Father hath given me, shall I not drink it?Then the band and the captain and officers of the Jews took Jesus, and bound him,

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER331 The arrest

This article deals with the arrest of Jesus in the garden of Gethsemane as related in the Gospels. It highlights Judas's betrayal and the soldiers' reaction to Jesus' declaration, revealing his mastery of the situation.

Matthew 26.48-50 (King James Version) :

Now he that betrayed him gave them a sign, saying, Whomsoever I shall kiss, that same is he: hold him fast.And forthwith he came to Jesus, and said, Hail, master; and kissed him.And Jesus said unto him, Friend, wherefore art thou come? Then came they, and laid hands on Jesus, and took him.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER332 The rebellion of the disciple Peter and the healing of Malchus

This article explores the arrest of Jesus at Gethsemane, where Peter, in an impulsive gesture, cuts off Malchus's ear. Jesus calms the situation by healing Malchus, thereby underlining his divine mission and rejecting violence, in keeping with the Scriptures. He shows his control and divine love even toward those who arrest him.

John 3.16 (King James Version) :

For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER333 The words of Jesus the Messiah to the crowd at the arrest

This article examines the arrest of Jesus in the garden of Gethsemane, highlighting his serenity and his willingness to fulfill the divine plan. Through his words, he exposes the contradictions of the religious authorities and underscores his mastery of the situation, revealing his redemptive mission out of love for humanity.

Luke 22.52 (King James Version) :

Then Jesus said unto the chief priests, and captains of the temple, and the elders, which were come to him, Be ye come out, as against a thief, with swords and staves?

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER334 The Flight of the Disciples

The article examines the disciples’ flight at the arrest of Jesus, stressing their fear and the calm of Jesus. It details the arrest in the Garden of Gethsemane, the interpretation of the Gospels, and the contrast between the disciples’ panic and the sovereignty of Jesus.

Matthew 26.36-56 (King James Version) :

Then cometh Jesus with them unto a place called Gethsemane, and saith unto the disciples, Sit ye here, while I go and pray yonder.And he took with him Peter and the two sons of Zebedee, and began to be sorrowful and very heavy.Then saith he unto them, My soul is exceeding sorrowful, even unto death: tarry ye here, and watch with me.And he went a little further, and fell on his face, and prayed, saying, O my Father, if it be possible, let this cup pass from me: nevertheless not as I will, but as thou wilt.And he cometh unto the disciples, and findeth them asleep, and saith unto Peter, What, could ye not watch with me one hour?Watch and pray, that ye enter not into temptation: the spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak.He went away again the second time, and prayed, saying, O my Father, if this cup may not pass away from me, except I drink it, thy will be done.And he came and found them asleep again: for their eyes were heavy.And he left them, and went away again, and prayed the third time, saying the same words.Then cometh he to his disciples, and saith unto them, Sleep on now, and take your rest: behold, the hour is at hand, and the Son of man is betrayed into the hands of sinners.Rise, let us be going: behold, he is at hand that doth betray me.And while he yet spake, lo, Judas, one of the twelve, came, and with him a great multitude with swords and staves, from the chief priests and elders of the people.Now he that betrayed him gave them a sign, saying, Whomsoever I shall kiss, that same is he: hold him fast.And forthwith he came to Jesus, and said, Hail, master; and kissed him.And Jesus said unto him, Friend, wherefore art thou come? Then came they, and laid hands on Jesus, and took him.And, behold, one of them which were with Jesus stretched out his hand, and drew his sword, and struck a servant of the high priest’s, and smote off his ear.Then said Jesus unto him, Put up again thy sword into his place: for all they that take the sword shall perish with the sword.Thinkest thou that I cannot now pray to my Father, and he shall presently give me more than twelve legions of angels?But how then shall the scriptures be fulfilled, that thus it must be?In that same hour said Jesus to the multitudes, Are ye come out as against a thief with swords and staves for to take me? I sat daily with you teaching in the temple, and ye laid no hold on me.But all this was done, that the scriptures of the prophets might be fulfilled. Then all the disciples forsook him, and fled.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER335 The Presentation before the Former High Priest Anna

The article explores Jesus’ appearance before Anna, the former high priest, explaining his lasting influence and the political stakes of the event. John provides these details to show the interconnection between religious and political interests in the trial of Jesus.

Luke 22.47 (King James Version) :

And while he yet spake, behold a multitude, and he that was called Judas, one of the twelve, went before them, and drew near unto Jesus to kiss him.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER339 The abuse begins

The article deals with the mistreatment inflicted on Jesus before the crucifixion, centered on the interpretation of the Gospel accounts. It explores how the Sanhedrin manipulated the accusations to obtain the support of the Roman authorities, turning a religious accusation into political sedition.

Luke 22.66 (King James Version) :

And as soon as it was day, the elders of the people and the chief priests and the scribes came together, and led him into their council, saying,

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER340 The Denial of the Apostle Peter, Accompanied by the Apostle John

This article describes the denial of the Apostle Peter as recounted in the Gospels, when he denies his Master Jesus three times. The article highlights the precise circumstances of this event and explores the role of the apostle John. By setting the different versions of the Gospels side by side, this tragic moment is analyzed in depth within the historical and religious context of the time.

Matthew 26.69-75 (King James Version) :

Now Peter sat without in the palace: and a damsel came unto him, saying, Thou also wast with Jesus of Galilee.But he denied before them all, saying, I know not what thou sayest.And when he was gone out into the porch, another maid saw him, and said unto them that were there, This fellow was also with Jesus of Nazareth.And again he denied with an oath, I do not know the man.And after a while came unto him they that stood by, and said to Peter, Surely thou also art one of them; for thy speech bewrayeth thee.Then began he to curse and to swear, saying, I know not the man. And immediately the cock crew.And Peter remembered the word of Jesus, which said unto him, Before the cock crow, thou shalt deny me thrice. And he went out, and wept bitterly.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

CTD049 When the women visited the tomb

L'article analyse les récits évangéliques concernant la visite des femmes au tombeau et réfute les prétendues contradictions entre eux. Il propose que les différentes descriptions des évangélistes représentent diverses étapes temporelles d'un même événement au lieu de récits divergents.

Matthew 28.1 (King James Version) :

In the end of the sabbath, as it began to dawn toward the first day of the week, came Mary Magdalene and the other Mary to see the sepulchre.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PDA007 The Resurrection

The article examines the resurrection of Jesus, a key event of Christianity. The women's visit to the tomb and the apostles' initial unbelief in the face of this extraordinary event are highlighted. The author explains that God continues to speak to people in various ways, but that humanity often chooses to ignore these spiritual messages.

Revelation 3.20 (King James Version) :

Behold, I stand at the door, and knock: if any man hear my voice, and open the door, I will come in to him, and will sup with him, and he with me.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

CTD051 Was the Stone of the Tomb Already Rolled Away When the Women Arrived?

Les récits évangéliques sur la pierre du tombeau de Jésus sont examinés : Marc, Luc et Jean la trouvent déjà roulée, tandis que Matthieu décrit un ange la déplaçant. L'article démontre que ces récits sont complémentaires et non contradictoires.

John 20.1 (King James Version) :

The first day of the week cometh Mary Magdalene early, when it was yet dark, unto the sepulchre, and seeth the stone taken away from the sepulchre.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER278 The betrayal of Judas Iscariot

The article explores the betrayal of Judas Iscariot toward Jesus, an act motivated by a feeling of incompatibility and frustration. Judas, knowing that the authorities are seeking to arrest Jesus, collaborates with them to denounce Jesus, in exchange for 30 pieces of silver. The article analyzes the Gospel accounts of Matthew, Mark and Luke, which describe Judas’s actions and their impact on the events leading to Jesus’s arrest.

Mark 14.1 (King James Version) :

After two days was the feast of the passover, and of unleavened bread: and the chief priests and the scribes sought how they might take him by craft, and put him to death.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER281 The return to Bethany

After his triumphal entry into Jerusalem, Jesus leaves the city in the evening to return to Bethany with his twelve disciples, including Judas. Related mainly by Mark (11.11) and Matthew (21.17), this episode, set on Sunday, March 27, AD 33, illustrates the rhythm of the last week: days at the Temple, nights near Bethany. The disciples use these journeys to ask their Master about the meaning of his messianic acts.

Zechariah 9.9 (King James Version) :

Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion; shout, O daughter of Jerusalem: behold, thy King cometh unto thee: he is just, and having salvation; lowly, and riding upon an ass, and upon a colt the foal of an ass.^{aNotehaving…: or, saving himself}^{bNoteby…: or, whose covenant is by blood}

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER282 Cursing of the Barren Fig Tree

On Monday, March 28, AD 33, on the road from Bethany to Jerusalem, the Messiah Jesus curses a fig tree covered with leaves but bearing no fruit, and it withers at once. This act, reported by Matthew and Mark, is a miracle-parable symbolizing Israel: a great show of religion, but no real fruitfulness. Framing the cleansing of the Temple in Mark, this episode announces divine judgment on a barren piety.

Mark 11.12-14 (King James Version) :

And on the morrow, when they were come from Bethany, he was hungry:And seeing a fig tree afar off having leaves, he came, if haply he might find any thing thereon: and when he came to it, he found nothing but leaves; for the time of figs was not yet.And Jesus answered and said unto it, No man eat fruit of thee hereafter for ever. And his disciples heard it.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER283 Announcement of the Destruction of Jerusalem

In Luke 19.41-44, Jesus approaches Jerusalem, weeps over the city and foretells with precision its future destruction by the Romans in AD 70. Only Luke reports this episode in this form. Jesus laments that Jerusalem did not recognize its divine visitation. This passage reveals both the compassion of the Messiah and the gravity of rejecting divine revelation, and it belongs to the last week before his arrest.

Matthew 23 (King James Version) :

Then spake Jesus to the multitude, and to his disciples,Saying, The scribes and the Pharisees sit in Moses’ seat:All therefore whatsoever they bid you observe, that observe and do; but do not ye after their works: for they say, and do not.For they bind heavy burdens and grievous to be borne, and lay them on men’s shoulders; but they themselves will not move them with one of their fingers.But all their works they do for to be seen of men: they make broad their phylacteries, and enlarge the borders of their garments,And love the uppermost rooms at feasts, and the chief seats in the synagogues,And greetings in the markets, and to be called of men, Rabbi, Rabbi.But be not ye called Rabbi: for one is your Master, even Christ; and all ye are brethren.And call no man your father upon the earth: for one is your Father, which is in heaven.Neither be ye called masters: for one is your Master, even Christ.But he that is greatest among you shall be your servant.And whosoever shall exalt himself shall be abased; and he that shall humble himself shall be exalted.But woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye shut up the kingdom of heaven against men: for ye neither go in yourselves, neither suffer ye them that are entering to go in.Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye devour widows’ houses, and for a pretence make long prayer: therefore ye shall receive the greater damnation.Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye compass sea and land to make one proselyte, and when he is made, ye make him twofold more the child of hell than yourselves.Woe unto you, ye blind guides, which say, Whosoever shall swear by the temple, it is nothing; but whosoever shall swear by the gold of the temple, he is a debtor!Ye fools and blind: for whether is greater, the gold, or the temple that sanctifieth the gold?And, Whosoever shall swear by the altar, it is nothing; but whosoever sweareth by the gift that is upon it, he is guilty.Ye fools and blind: for whether is greater, the gift, or the altar that sanctifieth the gift?Whoso therefore shall swear by the altar, sweareth by it, and by all things thereon.And whoso shall swear by the temple, sweareth by it, and by him that dwelleth therein.And he that shall swear by heaven, sweareth by the throne of God, and by him that sitteth thereon.Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye pay tithe of mint and anise and cummin, and have omitted the weightier matters of the law, judgment, mercy, and faith: these ought ye to have done, and not to leave the other undone.Ye blind guides, which strain at a gnat, and swallow a camel.Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye make clean the outside of the cup and of the platter, but within they are full of extortion and excess.Thou blind Pharisee, cleanse first that which is within the cup and platter, that the outside of them may be clean also.Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye are like unto whited sepulchres, which indeed appear beautiful outward, but are within full of dead men’s bones, and of all uncleanness.Even so ye also outwardly appear righteous unto men, but within ye are full of hypocrisy and iniquity.Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! because ye build the tombs of the prophets, and garnish the sepulchres of the righteous,And say, If we had been in the days of our fathers, we would not have been partakers with them in the blood of the prophets.Wherefore ye be witnesses unto yourselves, that ye are the children of them which killed the prophets.Fill ye up then the measure of your fathers.Ye serpents, ye generation of vipers, how can ye escape the damnation of hell?Wherefore, behold, I send unto you prophets, and wise men, and scribes: and some of them ye shall kill and crucify; and some of them shall ye scourge in your synagogues, and persecute them from city to city:That upon you may come all the righteous blood shed upon the earth, from the blood of righteous Abel unto the blood of Zacharias son of Barachias, whom ye slew between the temple and the altar.Verily I say unto you, All these things shall come upon this generation.O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, thou that killest the prophets, and stonest them which are sent unto thee, how often would I have gathered thy children together, even as a hen gathereth her chickens under her wings, and ye would not!Behold, your house is left unto you desolate.For I say unto you, Ye shall not see me henceforth, till ye shall say, Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER284 Cleansing of the Temple (second time)

Jesus' second cleansing of the Temple, on Monday, March 28, AD 33, is a prophetic and symbolic act. By driving the sellers out of the Court of the Gentiles and quoting Isaiah and Jeremiah, Jesus denounces the corruption of worship, asserts his messianic authority and announces the coming judgment on the Temple. This event hastens the decision of the religious leaders to put him to death.

Exodus 12.3-8 (King James Version) :

Speak ye unto all the congregation of Israel, saying, In the tenth day of this month they shall take to them every man a lamb, according to the house of their fathers, a lamb for an house:^{aNotelamb: or, kid}^{bNoteof…: Heb. son of a year}^{cNotein…: Heb. between the two evenings}And if the household be too little for the lamb, let him and his neighbour next unto his house take it according to the number of the souls; every man according to his eating shall make your count for the lamb.Your lamb shall be without blemish, a male of the first year: ye shall take it out from the sheep, or from the goats:And ye shall keep it up until the fourteenth day of the same month: and the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill it in the evening.And they shall take of the blood, and strike it on the two side posts and on the upper door post of the houses, wherein they shall eat it.And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; and with bitter herbs they shall eat it.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER285 Healing of blind and lame people

After the cleansing of the Temple, Jesus heals the blind and the lame in the courtyard on Monday, March 28, AD 33. Only Matthew reports this episode. The crowd and the children acclaim him as Son of David, while the chief priests and the scribes, increasingly hostile, are indignant at these messianic demonstrations. This episode illustrates the contrast between the faith of the common people and the rejection by the religious authorities.

Psalms 8.3 (King James Version) :

When I consider thy heavens, the work of thy fingers, the moon and the stars, which thou hast ordained;

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER287 Returning Once More to Bethany

PER287 describes the return of Jesus and his disciples to Bethany after a day at the Temple of Jerusalem, on Monday, March 28, AD 33. Attested mainly by Mark 11.19, this episode sheds light on the group's nightly routine around Martha, Mary and Lazarus. The article deals with the scattered hospitality, the role of the women, the daily round trips between Bethany and Jerusalem, and the disciples' failure to understand the announcements of the Passion.

John 12.1-8 (King James Version) :

Then Jesus six days before the passover came to Bethany, where Lazarus was which had been dead, whom he raised from the dead.There they made him a supper; and Martha served: but Lazarus was one of them that sat at the table with him.Then took Mary a pound of ointment of spikenard, very costly, and anointed the feet of Jesus, and wiped his feet with her hair: and the house was filled with the odour of the ointment.Then saith one of his disciples, Judas Iscariot, Simon’s son, which should betray him,Why was not this ointment sold for three hundred pence, and given to the poor?This he said, not that he cared for the poor; but because he was a thief, and had the bag, and bare what was put therein.Then said Jesus, Let her alone: against the day of my burying hath she kept this.For the poor always ye have with you; but me ye have not always.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER299 The Widow’s Offering

In the Temple of Jerusalem, Jesus watches a poor widow put two small coins into the treasury, all that she has. Unlike the rich, who give ostentatiously out of their surplus, she offers her entire livelihood. Jesus declares that she has given more than all the others, overturning human standards of value. This account, reported by Mark (12.41-44) and Luke (21.1-4), teaches that true generosity is measured not by the amount given, but by the disposition of the heart and the sacrifice made.

Luke 21.1-4 (King James Version) :

And he looked up, and saw the rich men casting their gifts into the treasury.And he saw also a certain poor widow casting in thither two mites.And he said, Of a truth I say unto you, that this poor widow hath cast in more than they all:For all these have of their abundance cast in unto the offerings of God: but she of her penury hath cast in all the living that she had.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER310 The last meal before the crucifixion

This article explores Jesus’ “last meal,” highlighting his institution of the Lord’s Supper. It takes place on Thursday evening before the crucifixion, in the house of Mary in Jerusalem. The Gospels record this meal as symbolically significant, with Judas leaving to betray him. The meal is crucial to Christian identity.

Luke 22.14-16 (King James Version) :

And when the hour was come, he sat down, and the twelve apostles with him.And he said unto them, With desire I have desired to eat this passover with you before I suffer:For I say unto you, I will not any more eat thereof, until it be fulfilled in the kingdom of God.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER324 Jesus the Messiah speaks of his coming death

The article deals with the passage in which Jesus announces his coming death, giving his disciples words of comfort and assurance of victory over evil through the resurrection.

John 16.16-33 (King James Version) :

A little while, and ye shall not see me: and again, a little while, and ye shall see me, because I go to the Father.Then said some of his disciples among themselves, What is this that he saith unto us, A little while, and ye shall not see me: and again, a little while, and ye shall see me: and, Because I go to the Father?They said therefore, What is this that he saith, A little while? we cannot tell what he saith.Now Jesus knew that they were desirous to ask him, and said unto them, Do ye enquire among yourselves of that I said, A little while, and ye shall not see me: and again, a little while, and ye shall see me?Verily, verily, I say unto you, That ye shall weep and lament, but the world shall rejoice: and ye shall be sorrowful, but your sorrow shall be turned into joy.A woman when she is in travail hath sorrow, because her hour is come: but as soon as she is delivered of the child, she remembereth no more the anguish, for joy that a man is born into the world.And ye now therefore have sorrow: but I will see you again, and your heart shall rejoice, and your joy no man taketh from you.And in that day ye shall ask me nothing. Verily, verily, I say unto you, Whatsoever ye shall ask the Father in my name, he will give it you.Hitherto have ye asked nothing in my name: ask, and ye shall receive, that your joy may be full.These things have I spoken unto you in proverbs: but the time cometh, when I shall no more speak unto you in proverbs, but I shall shew you plainly of the Father.At that day ye shall ask in my name: and I say not unto you, that I will pray the Father for you:For the Father himself loveth you, because ye have loved me, and have believed that I came out from God.I came forth from the Father, and am come into the world: again, I leave the world, and go to the Father.His disciples said unto him, Lo, now speakest thou plainly, and speakest no proverb.Now are we sure that thou knowest all things, and needest not that any man should ask thee: by this we believe that thou camest forth from God.Jesus answered them, Do ye now believe?Behold, the hour cometh, yea, is now come, that ye shall be scattered, every man to his own, and shall leave me alone: and yet I am not alone, because the Father is with me.These things I have spoken unto you, that in me ye might have peace. In the world ye shall have tribulation: but be of good cheer; I have overcome the world.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER326 The Messiah Jesus and his disciples sing the psalms

The article examines the singing of the psalms by Jesus and his disciples after the Passover. Rooted in Jewish tradition, this moment takes on a particular spiritual significance for Jesus, as a prelude to his crucifixion.

Matthew 26.30 (King James Version) :

And when they had sung an hymn, they went out into the mount of Olives.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER336 The transfer to the incumbent High Priest, Caiaphas

The article analyzes the transfer of Jesus to Caiaphas, highlighting the planning of the Jewish authorities to secure a swift condemnation, with a semblance of legality. Several appendices shed light on the historical context, and the Gospels describe the events in detail.

John 18.19-24 (King James Version) :

The high priest then asked Jesus of his disciples, and of his doctrine.Jesus answered him, I spake openly to the world; I ever taught in the synagogue, and in the temple, whither the Jews always resort; and in secret have I said nothing.Why askest thou me? ask them which heard me, what I have said unto them: behold, they know what I said.And when he had thus spoken, one of the officers which stood by struck Jesus with the palm of his hand, saying, Answerest thou the high priest so?Jesus answered him, If I have spoken evil, bear witness of the evil: but if well, why smitest thou me?Now Annas had sent him bound unto Caiaphas the high priest.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER337 The Apostles Peter and John in the courtyard of Caiaphas’ house

This article recounts the dramatic scene of the apostles Peter and John following Jesus into the courtyard of Caiaphas, revealing their faithfulness and frailty at the heart of Jesus’ passion. The biblical references describe their attempt to stay close to Jesus despite the fear of repercussions. This moment symbolizes a key point of the Gospels, highlighting human nature in the face of the divine mission.

Mark 14.54 (King James Version) :

And Peter followed him afar off, even into the palace of the high priest: and he sat with the servants, and warmed himself at the fire.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER338 The presentation before the Sanhedrin

This article analyzes the presentation of Jesus before the Sanhedrin prior to his crucifixion according to the Gospels, setting out the violation of Jewish law by a night trial. Strategically orchestrated by Caiaphas to avoid the crowd, this judgment illustrates key theological and historical issues.

Matthew 26.59-66 (King James Version) :

Now the chief priests, and elders, and all the council, sought false witness against Jesus, to put him to death;But found none: yea, though many false witnesses came, yet found they none. At the last came two false witnesses,And said, This fellow said, I am able to destroy the temple of God, and to build it in three days.And the high priest arose, and said unto him, Answerest thou nothing? what is it which these witness against thee?But Jesus held his peace. And the high priest answered and said unto him, I adjure thee by the living God, that thou tell us whether thou be the Christ, the Son of God.Jesus saith unto him, Thou hast said: nevertheless I say unto you, Hereafter shall ye see the Son of man sitting on the right hand of power, and coming in the clouds of heaven.Then the high priest rent his clothes, saying, He hath spoken blasphemy; what further need have we of witnesses? behold, now ye have heard his blasphemy.What think ye? They answered and said, He is guilty of death.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER346 The relentlessness of the Sanhedrin, official condemnation

PER346 analyzes the official condemnation of Jesus by Pontius Pilate under the relentless pressure of the Sanhedrin. In Jerusalem, on Friday morning, the crowd, manipulated by the religious leaders, demands crucifixion. Pilate, politically trapped, yields despite the absence of any valid charge. The study addresses the irregularities of the trial and the chronological question of the 'sixth hour' in John 19.14, through a synoptic approach to the four Gospels.

Luke 23.13-25 (King James Version) :

And Pilate, when he had called together the chief priests and the rulers and the people,Said unto them, Ye have brought this man unto me, as one that perverteth the people: and, behold, I, having examined him before you, have found no fault in this man touching those things whereof ye accuse him:No, nor yet Herod: for I sent you to him; and, lo, nothing worthy of death is done unto him.I will therefore chastise him, and release him.(For of necessity he must release one unto them at the feast.)And they cried out all at once, saying, Away with this man, and release unto us Barabbas:(Who for a certain sedition made in the city, and for murder, was cast into prison.)Pilate therefore, willing to release Jesus, spake again to them.But they cried, saying, Crucify him, crucify him.And he said unto them the third time, Why, what evil hath he done? I have found no cause of death in him: I will therefore chastise him, and let him go.And they were instant with loud voices, requiring that he might be crucified. And the voices of them and of the chief priests prevailed.And Pilate gave sentence that it should be as they required.And he released unto them him that for sedition and murder was cast into prison, whom they had desired; but he delivered Jesus to their will.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER351 Words to the women

On the road to Golgotha, Jesus speaks to the women of Jerusalem who are weeping for him. Far from focusing on his own suffering, he prophetically warns them of a terrible judgment about to fall on the city. An episode unique to Luke, it reveals Jesus as a great prophet, concerned to the very end with the salvation of others, and announces the destruction of Jerusalem in AD 70.

Matthew 27.22 (King James Version) :

Pilate saith unto them, What shall I do then with Jesus which is called Christ? They all say unto him, Let him be crucified.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER352 The Crucifixion

Pericope PER352 analyzes the crucifixion of Jesus on Mount Golgotha through the four Gospels. It places the event around 9 a.m. on a Friday morning, examines the fulfillment of prophecies (Isaiah 53,12; Psalm 22,19), the technical details of the crucifixion, the royal inscription and the mockery of the witnesses. A rigorous synoptic reading that links history, chronology and theology.

Luke 23.23 (King James Version) :

And they were instant with loud voices, requiring that he might be crucified. And the voices of them and of the chief priests prevailed.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER355 Jesus' dialogue with John and the women

At the foot of the cross, Jesus entrusts his mother Mary to John, the beloved disciple (John 19.25-27). As the only gospel to report this scene, John stresses the courageous presence of the women and of John at Golgotha. This dialogue reveals a twofold significance: human, as Jesus fulfills his filial responsibilities, and spiritual, as he establishes a new family founded on faith rather than blood. John obeys immediately, bearing witness to his faithfulness.

Mark 15.40-41 (King James Version) :

There were also women looking on afar off: among whom was Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James the less and of Joses, and Salome;(Who also, when he was in Galilee, followed him, and ministered unto him;) and many other women which came up with him unto Jerusalem.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

PER364 The women go to the Tomb

Pericope 364 describes the women's departure for the tomb of Jesus early on Sunday morning, as attested by all four Gospels. Moved by their faithfulness and devotion to Jesus, they bring spices without expecting a resurrection. The study highlights their steadfastness in contrast to the failure of the apostles, their failure to understand the announcements of the resurrection, and their ignorance of the guards placed at the tomb. A rigorous synoptic analysis within the framework of the Passion and the Resurrection.

Mark 15.40-41 (King James Version) :

There were also women looking on afar off: among whom was Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James the less and of Joses, and Salome;(Who also, when he was in Galilee, followed him, and ministered unto him;) and many other women which came up with him unto Jerusalem.

King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org

Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

Passion and Resurrection

Steps 1 through 10

Étapes 11 à 20

Étapes 21 à 30

Étapes 31 à 40

Étapes 41 à 42