Le ministère de Jean le baptiste 1 étude
De la 2ème à la 3ème fête de Pâque 1 étude
De la 3ème Pâque au début de la dernière semaine 3 études
La dernière semaine avant l'arrestation 1 étude
La dernière journée jusqu'à la crucifixion 11 études
- 7The Presentation before the Former High Priest Anna
- 8The transfer to the incumbent High Priest, Caiaphas
- 9The Apostles Peter and John in the courtyard of Caiaphas’ house
- 10The presentation before the Sanhedrin
- 11The abuse begins
Ministère de Pierre 6 études
- 18Peter and John in Prison
- 19The Sanhedrin's Deliberation and Verdict
- 20The Testimony of Peter and John
- 21The Arrest of the Apostles
- 22La comparution devant le Sanhédrin
Notes historiques 2 études
The ministry of John the Baptist
-
PER039
The merchants driven out of the Temple
Pericope 39 studies Jesus’ cleansing of the Temple as reported by John (John 2:14–22). The author argues for two distinct events three years apart. The first takes place during the first Passover of Jesus’ ministry (7 April 30). The article explores the historical context of Herod’s Temple, the role of Caiaphas and the Sanhedrin, and two key lessons: Jesus’ zeal for God’s house and the prophetic announcement of his resurrection.
Matthew 21.12-13 (King James Version) :And Jesus went into the temple of God, and cast out all them that sold and bought in the temple, and overthrew the tables of the moneychangers, and the seats of them that sold doves,And said unto them, It is written, My house shall be called the house of prayer; but ye have made it a den of thieves.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
From the second to the third Passover festival
-
PER078
The Pharisees plan to murder Jesus the Messiah
Pericope 78 recounts the Pharisees' decision to murder Jesus the Messiah following the healing of the man with the paralysed hand on a Sabbath. In AD 31, in Capernaum, a clear divide separates the hostile religious authorities from the admiring people. Dissenting voices such as Nicodemus and Gamaliel testify to internal opposition within the Sanhedrin. Despite this plot, Jesus resolutely continues his ministry.
Luke 6.11 (King James Version) :And they were filled with madness; and communed one with another what they might do to Jesus.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
From the 3rd Passover to the start of the final week
-
PER222
The Good Samaritan
Pericope PER222 presents the parable of the Good Samaritan (Luke 10.25-37), told by Jesus in response to a teacher of the Law who wanted to trap him. Set in Bethany beyond the Jordan in November AD 32, this parable teaches that the true "neighbor" is defined not by religion or culture, but by the act of mercy. The despised Samaritan becomes the model of compassion, a symbolic figure of the Messiah himself coming to the rescue of wounded humanity.
Luke 10.25-37 (King James Version) :And, behold, a certain lawyer stood up, and tempted him, saying, Master, what shall I do to inherit eternal life?He said unto him, What is written in the law? how readest thou?And he answering said, Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy strength, and with all thy mind; and thy neighbour as thyself.And he said unto him, Thou hast answered right: this do, and thou shalt live.But he, willing to justify himself, said unto Jesus, And who is my neighbour?And Jesus answering said, A certain man went down from Jerusalem to Jericho, and fell among thieves, which stripped him of his raiment, and wounded him, and departed, leaving him half dead.And by chance there came down a certain priest that way: and when he saw him, he passed by on the other side.And likewise a Levite, when he was at the place, came and looked on him, and passed by on the other side.But a certain Samaritan, as he journeyed, came where he was: and when he saw him, he had compassion on him,And went to him, and bound up his wounds, pouring in oil and wine, and set him on his own beast, and brought him to an inn, and took care of him.And on the morrow when he departed, he took out two pence, and gave them to the host, and said unto him, Take care of him; and whatsoever thou spendest more, when I come again, I will repay thee.Which now of these three, thinkest thou, was neighbour unto him that fell among the thieves?And he said, He that shewed mercy on him. Then said Jesus unto him, Go, and do thou likewise.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org -
PER235
Meal at a Pharisee's house
The pericope PER235 recounts Jesus’ meal at the house of a leader of the Pharisees on a Saturday (Luke 14.1), in a context of growing confrontation. The Pharisees are seeking to gather evidence against him for the Sanhedrin. Despite the tensions, Jesus accepts the invitation, holds his ground and corrects their teachings. Luke is the only evangelist to report this episode, which most likely took place at the Saturday midday meal.
Matthew 18.16 (King James Version) :But if he will not hear thee, then take with thee one or two more, that in the mouth of two or three witnesses every word may be established.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org -
PER274
Plot against the Messiah Jesus, who withdraws to Ephraim
This article describes the plot of the Jewish authorities against Jesus after the resurrection of Lazarus. Faced with the threat they perceive in Jesus’ miracles, they decide to kill him. Jesus withdraws to Ephraim in anticipation of the crucifixion, while the plot paradoxically aligns with the divine plan.
John 11.54 (King James Version) :Jesus therefore walked no more openly among the Jews; but went thence unto a country near to the wilderness, into a city called Ephraim, and there continued with his disciples.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
The last week before the arrest
-
PER308
The plot against the Messiah Jesus
The plot against Jesus is devised by the religious authorities before the Passover, with Judas’s help. Caiaphas convenes the Sanhedrin to condemn Jesus, regarded as a threat, by using false witnesses. Pilate is informed so as to facilitate the arrest on the Mount of Olives.
Mark 14.1-2 (King James Version) :After two days was the feast of the passover, and of unleavened bread: and the chief priests and the scribes sought how they might take him by craft, and put him to death.But they said, Not on the feast day, lest there be an uproar of the people.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
The last day up to the crucifixion
-
PER335
The Presentation before the Former High Priest Anna
The article explores Jesus’ appearance before Anna, the former high priest, explaining his lasting influence and the political stakes of the event. John provides these details to show the interconnection between religious and political interests in the trial of Jesus.
John 18.12-14 (King James Version) :Then the band and the captain and officers of the Jews took Jesus, and bound him,And led him away to Annas first; for he was father in law to Caiaphas, which was the high priest that same year.Now Caiaphas was he, which gave counsel to the Jews, that it was expedient that one man should die for the people.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org -
PER336
The transfer to the incumbent High Priest, Caiaphas
The article analyzes the transfer of Jesus to Caiaphas, highlighting the planning of the Jewish authorities to secure a swift condemnation, with a semblance of legality. Several appendices shed light on the historical context, and the Gospels describe the events in detail.
John 18.19-24 (King James Version) :The high priest then asked Jesus of his disciples, and of his doctrine.Jesus answered him, I spake openly to the world; I ever taught in the synagogue, and in the temple, whither the Jews always resort; and in secret have I said nothing.Why askest thou me? ask them which heard me, what I have said unto them: behold, they know what I said.And when he had thus spoken, one of the officers which stood by struck Jesus with the palm of his hand, saying, Answerest thou the high priest so?Jesus answered him, If I have spoken evil, bear witness of the evil: but if well, why smitest thou me?Now Annas had sent him bound unto Caiaphas the high priest.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org -
PER337
The Apostles Peter and John in the courtyard of Caiaphas’ house
This article recounts the dramatic scene of the apostles Peter and John following Jesus into the courtyard of Caiaphas, revealing their faithfulness and frailty at the heart of Jesus’ passion. The biblical references describe their attempt to stay close to Jesus despite the fear of repercussions. This moment symbolizes a key point of the Gospels, highlighting human nature in the face of the divine mission.
Matthew 26.58 (King James Version) :But Peter followed him afar off unto the high priest’s palace, and went in, and sat with the servants, to see the end.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org -
PER338
The presentation before the Sanhedrin
This article analyzes the presentation of Jesus before the Sanhedrin prior to his crucifixion according to the Gospels, setting out the violation of Jewish law by a night trial. Strategically orchestrated by Caiaphas to avoid the crowd, this judgment illustrates key theological and historical issues.
Luke 22.66-71 (King James Version) :And as soon as it was day, the elders of the people and the chief priests and the scribes came together, and led him into their council, saying,Art thou the Christ? tell us. And he said unto them, If I tell you, ye will not believe:And if I also ask you, ye will not answer me, nor let me go.Hereafter shall the Son of man sit on the right hand of the power of God.Then said they all, Art thou then the Son of God? And he said unto them, Ye say that I am.And they said, What need we any further witness? for we ourselves have heard of his own mouth.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org -
PER339
The abuse begins
The article deals with the mistreatment inflicted on Jesus before the crucifixion, centered on the interpretation of the Gospel accounts. It explores how the Sanhedrin manipulated the accusations to obtain the support of the Roman authorities, turning a religious accusation into political sedition.
Luke 22.66 (King James Version) :And as soon as it was day, the elders of the people and the chief priests and the scribes came together, and led him into their council, saying,King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org -
PER340
The Denial of the Apostle Peter, Accompanied by the Apostle John
This article describes the denial of the Apostle Peter as recounted in the Gospels, when he denies his Master Jesus three times. The article highlights the precise circumstances of this event and explores the role of the apostle John. By setting the different versions of the Gospels side by side, this tragic moment is analyzed in depth within the historical and religious context of the time.
John 18.17-27 (King James Version) :Then saith the damsel that kept the door unto Peter, Art not thou also one of this man’s disciples? He saith, I am not.And the servants and officers stood there, who had made a fire of coals; for it was cold: and they warmed themselves: and Peter stood with them, and warmed himself.The high priest then asked Jesus of his disciples, and of his doctrine.Jesus answered him, I spake openly to the world; I ever taught in the synagogue, and in the temple, whither the Jews always resort; and in secret have I said nothing.Why askest thou me? ask them which heard me, what I have said unto them: behold, they know what I said.And when he had thus spoken, one of the officers which stood by struck Jesus with the palm of his hand, saying, Answerest thou the high priest so?Jesus answered him, If I have spoken evil, bear witness of the evil: but if well, why smitest thou me?Now Annas had sent him bound unto Caiaphas the high priest.And Simon Peter stood and warmed himself. They said therefore unto him, Art not thou also one of his disciples? He denied it, and said, I am not.One of the servants of the high priest, being his kinsman whose ear Peter cut off, saith, Did not I see thee in the garden with him?Peter then denied again: and immediately the cock crew.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org -
PER341
The presentation to Pontius Pilate
Pericope PER341 reconstructs the presentation of Jesus before Pontius Pilate on Friday morning, around 6:45 a.m., after his nighttime condemnation by the Sanhedrin. Cross-referencing Matthew, Mark, Luke and John, the article analyzes the precise chronology, the role of Caiaphas, the refusal of the religious leaders to enter the Praetorium, and the dialogue between Jesus and Pilate, the only one empowered to pronounce a capital sentence.
Mark 14.55-65 (King James Version) :And the chief priests and all the council sought for witness against Jesus to put him to death; and found none.For many bare false witness against him, but their witness agreed not together.And there arose certain, and bare false witness against him, saying,We heard him say, I will destroy this temple that is made with hands, and within three days I will build another made without hands.But neither so did their witness agree together.And the high priest stood up in the midst, and asked Jesus, saying, Answerest thou nothing? what is it which these witness against thee?But he held his peace, and answered nothing. Again the high priest asked him, and said unto him, Art thou the Christ, the Son of the Blessed?And Jesus said, I am: and ye shall see the Son of man sitting on the right hand of power, and coming in the clouds of heaven.Then the high priest rent his clothes, and saith, What need we any further witnesses?Ye have heard the blasphemy: what think ye? And they all condemned him to be guilty of death.And some began to spit on him, and to cover his face, and to buffet him, and to say unto him, Prophesy: and the servants did strike him with the palms of their hands.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org -
PER342
The tragic end of Judas Iscariot
Only Matthew reports the tragic end of Judas Iscariot. After Jesus is condemned, overwhelmed with remorse, Judas throws the thirty pieces of silver into the sanctuary of the Temple and takes his own life. The priests use this money to buy the potter’s field, called Hakeldama. This episode illustrates the irreversibility of betrayal and the despair of a man unable to accept forgiveness.
Acts 1.18 (King James Version) :Now this man purchased a field with the reward of iniquity; and falling headlong, he burst asunder in the midst, and all his bowels gushed out.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org -
PER345
The release of a prisoner
During the trial of Jesus before Pontius Pilate, the Roman governor tries to use the Passover custom of releasing a prisoner in order to avoid condemning Jesus. He offers the crowd a choice between Jesus and Barabbas, a notorious criminal, convinced that the people will make the right choice. His wife's intervention strengthens his hesitation. This scene, attested by all four gospels, illustrates the manipulation by the religious authorities and theologically prefigures redemptive substitution.
Mark 15.6-19 (King James Version) :Now at that feast he released unto them one prisoner, whomsoever they desired.And there was one named Barabbas, which lay bound with them that had made insurrection with him, who had committed murder in the insurrection.And the multitude crying aloud began to desire him to do as he had ever done unto them.But Pilate answered them, saying, Will ye that I release unto you the King of the Jews?For he knew that the chief priests had delivered him for envy.But the chief priests moved the people, that he should rather release Barabbas unto them.And Pilate answered and said again unto them, What will ye then that I shall do unto him whom ye call the King of the Jews?And they cried out again, Crucify him.Then Pilate said unto them, Why, what evil hath he done? And they cried out the more exceedingly, Crucify him.And so Pilate, willing to content the people, released Barabbas unto them, and delivered Jesus, when he had scourged him, to be crucified.And the soldiers led him away into the hall, called Prætorium; and they call together the whole band.And they clothed him with purple, and platted a crown of thorns, and put it about his head,And began to salute him, Hail, King of the Jews!And they smote him on the head with a reed, and did spit upon him, and bowing their knees worshipped him.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org -
PER346
The relentlessness of the Sanhedrin, official condemnation
PER346 analyzes the official condemnation of Jesus by Pontius Pilate under the relentless pressure of the Sanhedrin. In Jerusalem, on Friday morning, the crowd, manipulated by the religious leaders, demands crucifixion. Pilate, politically trapped, yields despite the absence of any valid charge. The study addresses the irregularities of the trial and the chronological question of the 'sixth hour' in John 19.14, through a synoptic approach to the four Gospels.
John 18.27-28 (King James Version) :Peter then denied again: and immediately the cock crew.Then led they Jesus from Caiaphas unto the hall of judgment: and it was early; and they themselves went not into the judgment hall, lest they should be defiled; but that they might eat the passover.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org -
PER363
The visit of the Sanhedrin's representatives to Pilate
An episode found only in Matthew, this passage recounts the visit of the Sanhedrin's representatives to Pilate on Saturday morning to obtain a guard for the tomb of Jesus. Fearing a rumor of resurrection, they have the sepulcher sealed. Pilate, a pragmatist, yields to their request. This episode reveals the tensions between the Jewish religious leadership and Roman authority, and directly prepares the account of the resurrection.
John 19.31-42 (King James Version) :The Jews therefore, because it was the preparation, that the bodies should not remain upon the cross on the sabbath day, (for that sabbath day was an high day,) besought Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that they might be taken away.Then came the soldiers, and brake the legs of the first, and of the other which was crucified with him.But when they came to Jesus, and saw that he was dead already, they brake not his legs:But one of the soldiers with a spear pierced his side, and forthwith came there out blood and water.And he that saw it bare record, and his record is true: and he knoweth that he saith true, that ye might believe.For these things were done, that the scripture should be fulfilled, A bone of him shall not be broken.And again another scripture saith, They shall look on him whom they pierced.And after this Joseph of Arimathaea, being a disciple of Jesus, but secretly for fear of the Jews, besought Pilate that he might take away the body of Jesus: and Pilate gave him leave. He came therefore, and took the body of Jesus.And there came also Nicodemus, which at the first came to Jesus by night, and brought a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about an hundred pound weight.Then took they the body of Jesus, and wound it in linen clothes with the spices, as the manner of the Jews is to bury.Now in the place where he was crucified there was a garden; and in the garden a new sepulchre, wherein was never man yet laid.There laid they Jesus therefore because of the Jews’ preparation day; for the sepulchre was nigh at hand.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
Pierre's Ministry
-
ADA012
Peter and John in Prison
Cet article traite de la confrontation de Pierre et Jean avec le Sanhédrin. Les apôtres, arrêtés pour avoir prêché, doivent comparaître devant ce tribunal religieux influent. Face à la même autorité qui avait condamné Jésus, Pierre et Jean, soutenus par l'Esprit Saint, témoignent courageusement de leur foi, illustrant la continuité du message du Christ.
Matthew 10.19-20 (King James Version) :But when they deliver you up, take no thought how or what ye shall speak: for it shall be given you in that same hour what ye shall speak.For it is not ye that speak, but the Spirit of your Father which speaketh in you.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org -
ADA014
The Sanhedrin's Deliberation and Verdict
Face à l'embarras du Sanhédrin après un miracle accompli par Pierre et Jean, les autorités religieuses interdisent la prédication au nom de Jésus, espérant que des menaces compromettront le message chrétien. Pierre et Jean répondent en affirmant leur obéissance prioritaire à Dieu, illustrant une transformation spirituelle soutenue par le Saint-Esprit.
Mark 15.43 (King James Version) :Joseph of Arimathaea, an honourable counsellor, which also waited for the kingdom of God, came, and went in boldly unto Pilate, and craved the body of Jesus.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org -
ADA015
The Testimony of Peter and John
L'article traite du retour de Pierre et Jean auprès des croyants après leur arrestation par le Sanhédrin. Face aux menaces, l'assemblée s'unit dans la prière, affirmant la souveraineté de Dieu et demandant force pour proclamer l'Évangile, exprimant une foi inébranlable.
Matthew 10.19-20 (King James Version) :But when they deliver you up, take no thought how or what ye shall speak: for it shall be given you in that same hour what ye shall speak.For it is not ye that speak, but the Spirit of your Father which speaketh in you.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org -
ADA019
The Arrest of the Apostles
L'article ADA019 commente Actes 5.17-18 : face à la croissance remarquable de l'Église à Jérusalem, le grand prêtre et les sadducéens, animés de jalousie, font arrêter les apôtres. Luc montre que malgré l'opposition des autorités religieuses, l'œuvre du Christ se poursuit par l'action du Saint-Esprit, accomplissant la promesse d'Actes 1.8.
Acts 4.17-18 (King James Version) :But that it spread no further among the people, let us straitly threaten them, that they speak henceforth to no man in this name.And they called them, and commanded them not to speak at all nor teach in the name of Jesus.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org -
ADA022
La comparution devant le Sanhédrin
Étude exégétique d'Actes 5.27-33 relatant la comparution des apôtres devant le Sanhédrin à Jérusalem. Face aux accusations de Caïphe, Pierre proclame avec assurance que l'obéissance à Dieu prime sur celle des hommes, et annonce que Jésus, crucifié et ressuscité, est élevé comme Prince et Sauveur pour offrir la repentance et le pardon à Israël. Un épisode fondateur de la mission apostolique.
John 19.6-16 (King James Version) :When the chief priests therefore and officers saw him, they cried out, saying, Crucify him, crucify him. Pilate saith unto them, Take ye him, and crucify him: for I find no fault in him.The Jews answered him, We have a law, and by our law he ought to die, because he made himself the Son of God.When Pilate therefore heard that saying, he was the more afraid;And went again into the judgment hall, and saith unto Jesus, Whence art thou? But Jesus gave him no answer.Then saith Pilate unto him, Speakest thou not unto me? knowest thou not that I have power to crucify thee, and have power to release thee?Jesus answered, Thou couldest have no power at all against me, except it were given thee from above: therefore he that delivered me unto thee hath the greater sin.And from thenceforth Pilate sought to release him: but the Jews cried out, saying, If thou let this man go, thou art not Cæsar’s friend: whosoever maketh himself a king speaketh against Cæsar.When Pilate therefore heard that saying, he brought Jesus forth, and sat down in the judgment seat in a place that is called the Pavement, but in the Hebrew, Gabbatha.And it was the preparation of the passover, and about the sixth hour: and he saith unto the Jews, Behold your King!But they cried out, Away with him, away with him, crucify him. Pilate saith unto them, Shall I crucify your King? The chief priests answered, We have no king but Cæsar.Then delivered he him therefore unto them to be crucified. And they took Jesus, and led him away.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org -
ADA023
The Speech by the Pharisee Gamaliel
Lors d'une session du Sanhédrin au printemps 33, le pharisien Gamaliel intervient pour calmer les ardeurs des sadducéens qui souhaitent faire mourir les apôtres. Par un raisonnement pragmatique s'appuyant sur les précédents de Théudas et Judas le Galiléen, il convainc le conseil d'adopter une position attentiste. Dans la perspective de Luc, ses paroles illustrent un thème central des Actes : l'œuvre de Dieu ne peut être arrêtée par les hommes.
Acts 5.36-37 (King James Version) :For before these days rose up Theudas, boasting himself to be somebody; to whom a number of men, about four hundred, joined themselves: who was slain; and all, as many as obeyed him, were scattered, and brought to nought.After this man rose up Judas of Galilee in the days of the taxing, and drew away much people after him: he also perished; and all, even as many as obeyed him, were dispersed.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
Historical notes
-
INF001
Sadducees
The Sadducees were an aristocratic and priestly group of ancient Judaism (200 BC – AD 70), controlling the Temple of Jerusalem and the Sanhedrin. They accepted only the Pentateuch, and denied the resurrection of the dead and the existence of angels. Mentioned fifteen times in the New Testament, they played a key role in the condemnation of Jesus, notably through Caiaphas and Anna. Their disappearance coincides with the destruction of the Temple in AD 70.
Acts 23.6 (King James Version) :But when Paul perceived that the one part were Sadducees, and the other Pharisees, he cried out in the council, Men and brethren, I am a Pharisee, the son of a Pharisee: of the hope and resurrection of the dead I am called in question.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org -
INF004
The Romans
This article traces Roman rule over Israel from 63 BC to AD 135. It presents the key figures of power at the time of Jesus’ ministry: Pontius Pilate, Herod Antipas and Caiaphas. It mentions the destruction of the Temple in 70 and the transformation of Jerusalem into Aelia Capitolina under Hadrian, providing essential historical context for understanding the Gospels.
Luke 23.12 (King James Version) :And the same day Pilate and Herod were made friends together: for before they were at enmity between themselves.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
-
ANN031
The Chief Priests
L'article explore le rôle des Souverains Sacrificateurs sous l'occupation romaine, focalisant sur Anne et Caïphe, et les intrications entre pouvoir religieux et politique. La…
-
ANN073
The resurrection of the Messiah Jesus
Cet article examine la résurrection de Jésus et son impact théologique, discutant des prédictions et réactions des témoins, ainsi que des mesures prises par…