Étude 1 sur 43 · Jésus le Messie, le Verbe incarné et Jean le Baptiste, le Précurseur

  1. Étude 1 : Jésus le Messie, le Verbe incarné et Jean le Baptiste, le Précurseur
  2. Étude 2 : La louange de Zacharie lors de la naissance de son fils Jean
  3. Study 3: The visit of the shepherds
  4. Étude 4 : La rencontre avec Siméon
  5. Étude 5 : La rencontre avec Anne
  6. Study 6: The exact date of the decree
  7. Étude 7 : Le ministère de Jean le Baptiste
  8. Étude 8 : Le baptême du Messie Jésus
  9. Étude 9 : La députation venue de Jérusalem
  10. Étude 10 : La rencontre avec Philippe
  11. Étude 11 : L'accomplissement de la prophétie d'Esaïe
  12. Étude 12 : Le Messie Jésus affirme son égalité avec le Père
  13. Étude 13 : Témoignages confirmant celui du Messie Jésus
  14. Étude 14 : La relation personnelle du disciple avec son Seigneur
  15. Étude 15 : Parabole et avertissement sur le retour du Messie Jésus
  16. Étude 16 : Le Messie Jésus objet de divisions
  17. Étude 17 : La vraie famille du Messie Jésus
  18. Étude 18 : Le Messie Jésus apaise la tempête
  19. Étude 19 : La compassion du Messie Jésus pour la foule
  20. Étude 20 : Pierre reconnait Jésus comme le Messie
  21. Étude 21 : Travail du Messie Jésus en Galilée
  22. Étude 22 : Seconde déclaration de Pierre
  23. Étude 23 : Eloge de Pierre par le Messie Jésus
  24. Étude 24 : Le Messie Jésus annonce ses futures souffrances, réaction de Pierre
  25. Étude 25 : Le différent du Maître avec ses frères
  26. Étude 26 : Les Juifs cherchent le Messie Jésus
  27. Étude 27 : L'appréciation contradictoire du peuple
  28. Étude 28 : Le jugement des religieux et les reproches du Messie Jésus
  29. Étude 29 : Questions des religieux sur la messianité de Jésus
  30. Étude 30 : Guérisons des aveugles près de Jéricho
  31. Étude 31 : Entrée triomphale à Jérusalem
  32. Étude 32 : Guérison d’aveugles et de boiteux
  33. Étude 33 : L’autorité du Messie Jésus contestée
  34. Étude 34 : Le jugement des nations
  35. Étude 35 : Les paroles du Messie Jésus à la foule lors de l'arrestation
  36. Étude 36 : La mort du Messie Jésus
  37. Étude 37 : Le prophète Daniel
  38. Étude 38 : Guérison du démoniaque aveugle et muet
  39. Étude 39 : La découverte de Pierre ?
  40. Étude 40 : Les doutes de Jean le baptiste ?
  41. Étude 41 : Nouveau discours de Pierre
  42. Étude 42 : Le grand choix de nos vies
  43. Étude 43 : Qui est Jésus ?

The life of Jesus up to the age of 12

  • PER002 Jesus the Messiah, the Word made flesh, and John the Baptist, the Forerunner

    The article explores how the Gospel of John affirms that Jesus is the Word made flesh and is God, with John the Baptist as his Forerunner. John the apostle aims to demonstrate that Jesus, both the Messiah as king and a divine figure, fulfils Jewish messianic expectations.

    John 1.1-18 (King James Version) :
    In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.The same was in the beginning with God.All things were made by him; and without him was not any thing made that was made.In him was life; and the life was the light of men.And the light shineth in darkness; and the darkness comprehended it not.There was a man sent from God, whose name was John.The same came for a witness, to bear witness of the Light, that all men through him might believe.He was not that Light, but was sent to bear witness of that Light.That was the true Light, which lighteth every man that cometh into the world.He was in the world, and the world was made by him, and the world knew him not.He came unto his own, and his own received him not.But as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name:Which were born, not of blood, nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man, but of God.And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father,) full of grace and truth.John bare witness of him, and cried, saying, This was he of whom I spake, He that cometh after me is preferred before me: for he was before me.And of his fulness have all we received, and grace for grace.For the law was given by Moses, but grace and truth came by Jesus Christ.No man hath seen God at any time; the only begotten Son, which is in the bosom of the Father, he hath declared him.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER008 Zechariah's praise at the birth of his son John

    The article explores Zechariah's praise at John's birth, inspired by the Holy Spirit, and looks ahead to John's role as the forerunner of Jesus, the Messiah. Taking place in Ein Karem, these events reveal the divine plan that Zechariah and Mary see unfolding.

    Luke 1.67-80 (King James Version) :
    And his father Zacharias was filled with the Holy Ghost, and prophesied, saying,Blessed be the Lord God of Israel; for he hath visited and redeemed his people,And hath raised up an horn of salvation for us in the house of his servant David;As he spake by the mouth of his holy prophets, which have been since the world began:That we should be saved from our enemies, and from the hand of all that hate us;To perform the mercy promised to our fathers, and to remember his holy covenant;The oath which he sware to our father Abraham,That he would grant unto us, that we being delivered out of the hand of our enemies might serve him without fear,In holiness and righteousness before him, all the days of our life.And thou, child, shalt be called the prophet of the Highest: for thou shalt go before the face of the Lord to prepare his ways;To give knowledge of salvation unto his people by the remission of their sins,Through the tender mercy of our God; whereby the dayspring from on high hath visited us,To give light to them that sit in darkness and in the shadow of death, to guide our feet into the way of peace.And the child grew, and waxed strong in spirit, and was in the deserts till the day of his shewing unto Israel.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER015 The visit of the shepherds

    Recounted only by Luke (Luke 2:8-20), this episode describes the Bethlehem shepherds' visit to the infant Jesus, guided by a radiant angelic apparition on the night of 13 October -2 BC. The sole witnesses of this heavenly revelation, they leave their flocks to behold the Messiah. Their visit comforts Mary and Joseph, far from their families. In a first act of evangelisation, the shepherds return glorifying God and testifying to what they have seen.

    Luke 2.8-20 (King James Version) :
    And there were in the same country shepherds abiding in the field, keeping watch over their flock by night.And, lo, the angel of the Lord came upon them, and the glory of the Lord shone round about them: and they were sore afraid.And the angel said unto them, Fear not: for, behold, I bring you good tidings of great joy, which shall be to all people.For unto you is born this day in the city of David a Saviour, which is Christ the Lord.And this shall be a sign unto you; Ye shall find the babe wrapped in swaddling clothes, lying in a manger.And suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of the heavenly host praising God, and saying,Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace, good will toward men.And it came to pass, as the angels were gone away from them into heaven, the shepherds said one to another, Let us now go even unto Bethlehem, and see this thing which is come to pass, which the Lord hath made known unto us.And they came with haste, and found Mary, and Joseph, and the babe lying in a manger.And when they had seen it, they made known abroad the saying which was told them concerning this child.And all they that heard it wondered at those things which were told them by the shepherds.But Mary kept all these things, and pondered them in her heart.And the shepherds returned, glorifying and praising God for all the things that they had heard and seen, as it was told unto them.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER018 The encounter with Simeon

    The meeting between the Holy Family and Simeon at the Temple of Jerusalem, according to the Gospel of Luke, deepens Mary and Joseph's awareness of Jesus' divine mission.

    Luke 2.25-35 (King James Version) :
    And, behold, there was a man in Jerusalem, whose name was Simeon; and the same man was just and devout, waiting for the consolation of Israel: and the Holy Ghost was upon him.And it was revealed unto him by the Holy Ghost, that he should not see death, before he had seen the Lord’s Christ.And he came by the Spirit into the temple: and when the parents brought in the child Jesus, to do for him after the custom of the law,Then took he him up in his arms, and blessed God, and said,Lord, now lettest thou thy servant depart in peace, according to thy word:For mine eyes have seen thy salvation,Which thou hast prepared before the face of all people;A light to lighten the Gentiles, and the glory of thy people Israel.And Joseph and his mother marvelled at those things which were spoken of him.And Simeon blessed them, and said unto Mary his mother, Behold, this child is set for the fall and rising again of many in Israel; and for a sign which shall be spoken against;(Yea, a sword shall pierce through thy own soul also,) that the thoughts of many hearts may be revealed.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER019 The encounter with Anna

    The article explores the encounter between the prophetess Anna and Jesus at the Temple, emphasising her recognition of the Messiah and the spiritual impact of her testimony on Temple visitors, in connection with Jewish messianic expectations.

    Luke 2.36-38 (King James Version) :
    And there was one Anna, a prophetess, the daughter of Phanuel, of the tribe of Aser: she was of a great age, and had lived with an husband seven years from her virginity;And she was a widow of about fourscore and four years, which departed not from the temple, but served God with fastings and prayers night and day.And she coming in that instant gave thanks likewise unto the Lord, and spake of him to all them that looked for redemption in Jerusalem.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

The context of Jesus’ birth (Nativity) and childhood

  • CHR004 The exact date of the decree

    The study explores the chronology of the life of Jesus through Daniel’s prophecy. It identifies the decree of Artaxerxes as a key starting point and examines the difficulties related to the precision of ancient dates, highlighting the year 458 BC. The article argues that this research is rooted in a divine will, orchestrated by God.

    Ezra 7.9 (King James Version) :
    For upon the first day of the first month began he to go up from Babylon, and on the first day of the fifth month came he to Jerusalem, according to the good hand of his God upon him.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

The ministry of John the Baptist

  • PER029 The ministry of John the Baptist

    The article examines John the Baptist's role in preparing for Jesus' coming. Appearing in Matthew, Mark and Luke, John baptises and preaches in the Judean wilderness. Regarded as Christ's forerunner, he never claimed to be the Messiah. His teachings prepared the people to welcome Jesus, the royal Messiah.

    Mark 1.1-8 (King James Version) :
    The beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God;As it is written in the prophets, Behold, I send my messenger before thy face, which shall prepare thy way before thee.The voice of one crying in the wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the Lord, make his paths straight.John did baptize in the wilderness, and preach the baptism of repentance for the remission of sins.And there went out unto him all the land of Judæa, and they of Jerusalem, and were all baptized of him in the river of Jordan, confessing their sins.And John was clothed with camel’s hair, and with a girdle of a skin about his loins; and he did eat locusts and wild honey;And preached, saying, There cometh one mightier than I after me, the latchet of whose shoes I am not worthy to stoop down and unloose.I indeed have baptized you with water: but he shall baptize you with the Holy Ghost.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER030 The baptism of Jesus the Messiah

    The article describes Jesus’ baptism by John the Baptist, a significant event marking the beginning of Jesus’ messianic ministry. Taking place at Bethany beyond the Jordan, this baptism expresses the continuity between John’s and Jesus’ work, symbolising their spiritual mission. The Trinity is manifested during this act, highlighting its theological importance and its example for future generations.

    John 1.32-34 (King James Version) :
    And John bare record, saying, I saw the Spirit descending from heaven like a dove, and it abode upon him.And I knew him not: but he that sent me to baptize with water, the same said unto me, Upon whom thou shalt see the Spirit descending, and remaining on him, the same is he which baptizeth with the Holy Ghost.And I saw, and bare record that this is the Son of God.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER032 The delegation from Jerusalem

    The article explores John the Baptist's meeting with the Sanhedrin's representatives at Bethany, highlighting his renown and the authorities' messianic expectations. John is questioned about his messianic role despite performing no miracles, revealing the Pharisees' expectations of a royal and priestly messiah. The analysis reconciles differing Gospel accounts.

    John 10.41 (King James Version) :
    And many resorted unto him, and said, John did no miracle: but all things that John spake of this man were true.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER034 The encounter with Philip

    PER034 recounts Jesus’ meeting with Philip, reported only by John (Jn 1:43–46), at Bethany beyond the Jordan on 6 October 29. Philip, formerly a disciple of John the Baptist like Andrew, John and Simon Peter, becomes Jesus’ fourth disciple. The article explores these disciples’ natural transition to the Messiah, with John the Baptist understanding himself as a forerunner rather than a rival teacher.

    John 1.43-46 (King James Version) :
    The day following Jesus would go forth into Galilee, and findeth Philip, and saith unto him, Follow me.Now Philip was of Bethsaida, the city of Andrew and Peter.Philip findeth Nathanael, and saith unto him, We have found him, of whom Moses in the law, and the prophets, did write, Jesus of Nazareth, the son of Joseph.And Nathanael said unto him, Can there any good thing come out of Nazareth? Philip saith unto him, Come and see.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

The beginning of the ministry in Galilee

  • PER051 The fulfillment of Isaiah's prophecy

    Matthew 4:13–16 reports Jesus’ return to Capernaum in Galilee and interprets it as the fulfilment of Isaiah’s prophecy about light shining in the territories of Zebulun and Naphtali. Matthew, the only evangelist to make this connection, demonstrates that Jesus is indeed the foretold Messiah. John will return to the theme of light in his prologue. This episode is dated to February–March 31.

    Isaiah 9.1 (King James Version) :
    Nevertheless the dimness shall not be such as was in her vexation, when at the first he lightly afflicted the land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali, and afterward did more grievously afflict her by the way of the sea, beyond Jordan, in Galilee of the nations.Noteof the nations: or, populousNotenot: or, to himNoteFor…: or, When thou brakestNoteFor…: or, When the whole battle of the warrior was, etcNotebut…: or, and it was, etcNotefuel: Heb. meat
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

From the second to the third Passover festival

  • PER071 Jesus the Messiah affirms his equality with the Father

    The article analyses Jesus' proclamation of his equality with God, drawing on the healing of a disabled man and highlighting the impact of his theological assertions in Jerusalem during Passover.

    John 5.17-30 (King James Version) :
    But Jesus answered them, My Father worketh hitherto, and I work.Therefore the Jews sought the more to kill him, because he not only had broken the sabbath, but said also that God was his Father, making himself equal with God.Then answered Jesus and said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, The Son can do nothing of himself, but what he seeth the Father do: for what things soever he doeth, these also doeth the Son likewise.For the Father loveth the Son, and sheweth him all things that himself doeth: and he will shew him greater works than these, that ye may marvel.For as the Father raiseth up the dead, and quickeneth them; even so the Son quickeneth whom he will.For the Father judgeth no man, but hath committed all judgment unto the Son:That all men should honour the Son, even as they honour the Father. He that honoureth not the Son honoureth not the Father which hath sent him.Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that heareth my word, and believeth on him that sent me, hath everlasting life, and shall not come into condemnation; but is passed from death unto life.Verily, verily, I say unto you, The hour is coming, and now is, when the dead shall hear the voice of the Son of God: and they that hear shall live.For as the Father hath life in himself; so hath he given to the Son to have life in himself;And hath given him authority to execute judgment also, because he is the Son of man.Marvel not at this: for the hour is coming, in the which all that are in the graves shall hear his voice,And shall come forth; they that have done good, unto the resurrection of life; and they that have done evil, unto the resurrection of damnation.I can of mine own self do nothing: as I hear, I judge: and my judgment is just; because I seek not mine own will, but the will of the Father which hath sent me.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER072 Testimonies confirming that of Jesus the Messiah

    The article discusses the testimonies confirming that Jesus is the Messiah, notably those of John the Baptist and the divine miracles, in John's tradition. The setting is Jerusalem after Passover in March AD 31. Jesus criticises the religious authorities who do not recognise him and invokes Moses as a precursor. Some, such as Nicodemus, will convert.

    Genesis 28.18 (King James Version) :
    And Jacob rose up early in the morning, and took the stone that he had put for his pillows, and set it up for a pillar, and poured oil upon the top of it.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER116 The disciple’s personal relationship with his Lord

    Pericope 116 explores the personal relationship between the disciple and his Lord through Matthew 11.25-30 and Luke 10.21-24. After condemning the unbelieving towns, Jesus rejoices that the humble understand his word where the wise fail. He affirms his divine sonship and invites all the weary to come to him, promising rest and gentleness under his shared yoke, in contrast to the burdens imposed by the Pharisees.

    Matthew 11.25-30 (King James Version) :
    At that time Jesus answered and said, I thank thee, O Father, Lord of heaven and earth, because thou hast hid these things from the wise and prudent, and hast revealed them unto babes.Even so, Father: for so it seemed good in thy sight.All things are delivered unto me of my Father: and no man knoweth the Son, but the Father; neither knoweth any man the Father, save the Son, and he to whomsoever the Son will reveal him.Come unto me, all ye that labour and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.Take my yoke upon you, and learn of me; for I am meek and lowly in heart: and ye shall find rest unto your souls.For my yoke is easy, and my burden is light.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER133 Parable and warning about the return of Jesus the Messiah

    The article examines a parable about the return of the Messiah Jesus, emphasizing the disciples' readiness and watchfulness. Through Luke, Matthew, and Mark, it explores the need for a spiritually oriented life in the face of uncertainty about the time of the Messiah's return.

    Mark 13.32-37 (King James Version) :
    But of that day and that hour knoweth no man, no, not the angels which are in heaven, neither the Son, but the Father.Take ye heed, watch and pray: for ye know not when the time is.For the Son of man is as a man taking a far journey, who left his house, and gave authority to his servants, and to every man his work, and commanded the porter to watch.Watch ye therefore: for ye know not when the master of the house cometh, at even, or at midnight, or at the cockcrowing, or in the morning:Lest coming suddenly he find you sleeping.And what I say unto you I say unto all, Watch.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER136 The Messiah Jesus as a cause of divisions

    The article examines how Jesus' teachings create divisions, according to the Gospels. The central message is that following Jesus can lead to personal and spiritual conflicts, but offers a unique opportunity for salvation.

    Luke 12.49-59 (King James Version) :
    I am come to send fire on the earth; and what will I, if it be already kindled?But I have a baptism to be baptized with; and how am I straitened till it be accomplished!Suppose ye that I am come to give peace on earth? I tell you, Nay; but rather division:For from henceforth there shall be five in one house divided, three against two, and two against three.The father shall be divided against the son, and the son against the father; the mother against the daughter, and the daughter against the mother; the mother in law against her daughter in law, and the daughter in law against her mother in law.And he said also to the people, When ye see a cloud rise out of the west, straightway ye say, There cometh a shower; and so it is.And when ye see the south wind blow, ye say, There will be heat; and it cometh to pass.Ye hypocrites, ye can discern the face of the sky and of the earth; but how is it that ye do not discern this time?Yea, and why even of yourselves judge ye not what is right?When thou goest with thine adversary to the magistrate, as thou art in the way, give diligence that thou mayest be delivered from him; lest he hale thee to the judge, and the judge deliver thee to the officer, and the officer cast thee into prison.I tell thee, thou shalt not depart thence, till thou hast paid the very last mite.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER137 The true family of the Messiah Jesus

    This article explores how Jesus redefines the concept of family, focusing his discourse on the importance of spiritual bonds over blood ties, as illustrated by his words in Matthew, Mark, and Luke.

    Luke 8.19-21 (King James Version) :
    Then came to him his mother and his brethren, and could not come at him for the press.And it was told him by certain which said, Thy mother and thy brethren stand without, desiring to see thee.And he answered and said unto them, My mother and my brethren are these which hear the word of God, and do it.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER151 Jesus the Messiah stills the storm

    After an intense day of teaching, Jesus crosses Lake Tiberias with his disciples. A violent storm breaks out, threatening to sink the boat. Awakened by his panicking disciples, Jesus commands the elements to be silent, and a great calm immediately settles in. This episode, reported by Matthew, Mark and Luke, reveals Jesus’ divine authority over nature and teaches the importance of unshakable faith even in the midst of trials.

    Matthew 8.23-27 (King James Version) :
    And when he was entered into a ship, his disciples followed him.And, behold, there arose a great tempest in the sea, insomuch that the ship was covered with the waves: but he was asleep.And his disciples came to him, and awoke him, saying, Lord, save us: we perish.And he saith unto them, Why are ye fearful, O ye of little faith? Then he arose, and rebuked the winds and the sea; and there was a great calm.But the men marvelled, saying, What manner of man is this, that even the winds and the sea obey him!
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER160 Jesus the Messiah's compassion for the crowd

    Pericope 160 analyzes Matthew 9.36-38, where Jesus, in Capernaum, is deeply moved with compassion for the crowd, “harassed and helpless, like sheep without a shepherd.” The Greek term “splagchnizomai” expresses a visceral compassion that moves Jesus to teach, heal and feed, in contrast with the indifference of the religious leaders. This compassion becomes a model for the disciples.

    Matthew 9.38 (King James Version) :
    Pray ye therefore the Lord of the harvest, that he will send forth labourers into his harvest.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

From the 3rd Passover to the start of the final week

  • PER176 Peter acknowledges Jesus as the Messiah

    Pericope 176 recounts Peter's confession that Jesus is the Messiah, reported only by John (6.62-71). After a mass departure of disciples, Jesus asks the Twelve about their commitment. Peter responds with a remarkable proclamation of faith. The article explores the tension between divine sovereignty and human freedom, and concludes with the mention of Judas Iscariot, a reminder that nothing escapes God's gaze.

    John 6.67 (King James Version) :
    Then said Jesus unto the twelve, Will ye also go away?
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER177 The Work of the Messiah Jesus in Galilee

    The article explores Jesus’ strategic decision to carry out his ministry in Galilee in order to avoid hostility in Judea. John stresses the intention of the religious authorities to kill Jesus, whereas the Synoptic Gospels allude to this threat only implicitly.

    John 7.1 (King James Version) :
    After these things Jesus walked in Galilee: for he would not walk in Jewry, because the Jews sought to kill him.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER188 Peter’s second declaration

    The article deals with Peter’s second declaration, in which he recognizes Jesus as the Messiah. It examines the biblical accounts that place this event at Caesarea Philippi, emphasizing the difficulty for a Jewish audience to accept divine sonship. Jesus asks his disciples not to declare his messiahship openly.

    Luke 9.18-21 (King James Version) :
    And it came to pass, as he was alone praying, his disciples were with him: and he asked them, saying, Whom say the people that I am?They answering said, John the Baptist; but some say, Elias; and others say, that one of the old prophets is risen again.He said unto them, But whom say ye that I am? Peter answering said, The Christ of God.And he straitly charged them, and commanded them to tell no man that thing;
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER189 Praise of Peter by the Messiah Jesus

    The article emphasizes the importance of Peter's recognition of Jesus as the Messiah, which took place at Caesarea Philippi, and the expression of this divinely inspired truth, rather than a human revelation, based on the text of Matthew 16:17-20.

    Matthew 16.17-20 (King James Version) :
    And Jesus answered and said unto him, Blessed art thou, Simon Bar-jona: for flesh and blood hath not revealed it unto thee, but my Father which is in heaven.And I say also unto thee, That thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.And I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth shall be bound in heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.Then charged he his disciples that they should tell no man that he was Jesus the Christ.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER190 The Messiah Jesus announces his coming sufferings, Peter’s reaction

    Jesus announces his imminent sufferings at Caesarea Philippi. Peter, rejecting this idea, illustrates the disciples’ lack of understanding of the Messiah’s spiritual mission. Jesus’ announcement refocuses the goal on the Kingdom of God, anticipating the crucifixion.

    Luke 24.21 (King James Version) :
    But we trusted that it had been he which should have redeemed Israel: and beside all this, to day is the third day since these things were done.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER207 The disagreement between the Master and his brothers

    John 7.3-9 recounts the tension between Jesus and his brothers before the Feast of Sukkot (October AD 32). Not understanding the messianic mission, they urge him to show himself publicly in Jerusalem. Jesus chooses caution, aware of the risk of arrest. Mary keeps in the background. This episode, found only in John, illustrates the family's incomprehension of the divine nature of Jesus, as the conversion of his brothers takes place only after the resurrection.

    John 7.6 (King James Version) :
    Then Jesus said unto them, My time is not yet come: but your time is alway ready.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER212 The Jews are looking for the Messiah Jesus

    Pericope 212 relates, according to John 7.11-13 alone, the Jews' search for Jesus during the feast in Jerusalem in October AD 32. It illustrates the division of the people over the Messiah: some recognize him, others seek to eliminate him. The fear of the religious authorities hinders public conversions, revealing the political and spiritual tension of the time.

    John 7.11 (King James Version) :
    Then the Jews sought him at the feast, and said, Where is he?
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER216 The conflicting assessment of the people

    On the last day of the Feast of Sukkot in Jerusalem (October AD 32), Jesus proclaims himself to be a source of living water. The crowd is divided: some recognize him as the Messiah, others refuse to accept what is plain. The guards sent to arrest him disobey, impressed by his words. Nicodemus argues for a fair judgment, while the Pharisees put forward flimsy arguments. The opposition of the religious authorities turns fanatical, making Jesus' death their sole objective.

    John 7.51 (King James Version) :
    Doth our law judge any man, before it hear him, and know what he doeth?
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER228 The judgment of religious leaders and the rebukes of Jesus the Messiah

    During a meal at a Pharisee's house in Jerusalem (late 32), Jesus utters severe rebukes against the Pharisees and the teachers of the law. Luke 11.38-54, the only gospel to recount this episode, describes a hostile atmosphere in which the religious authorities look for evidence to condemn Jesus. His cutting words are in reality a call to repentance, ignored by men blinded by pride.

    John 7.46 (King James Version) :
    The officers answered, Never man spake like this man.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER259 The religious leaders’ questions about Jesus’ messiahship

    The article discusses the interaction between Jesus and the religious leaders over his messiahship. Despite their accusatory intentions, Jesus affirms that he is the Messiah, his works bearing witness to it. He promises security and eternal life to his disciples, stressing his unity with the Father.

    John 10.24-25 (King James Version) :
    Then came the Jews round about him, and said unto him, How long dost thou make us to doubt? If thou be the Christ, tell us plainly.Jesus answered them, I told you, and ye believed not: the works that I do in my Father’s name, they bear witness of me.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER270 Healings of the blind near Jericho

    This article discusses Jesus’ healings of the blind near Jericho. Set within the context of the Synoptic Gospels, it explores the chronological and theological interpretation of these events, highlighting the recognition of Jesus as the Messiah and his journey to Jerusalem in AD 33.

    Matthew 20.29-34 (King James Version) :
    And as they departed from Jericho, a great multitude followed him.And, behold, two blind men sitting by the way side, when they heard that Jesus passed by, cried out, saying, Have mercy on us, O Lord, thou Son of David.And the multitude rebuked them, because they should hold their peace: but they cried the more, saying, Have mercy on us, O Lord, thou Son of David.And Jesus stood still, and called them, and said, What will ye that I shall do unto you?They say unto him, Lord, that our eyes may be opened.So Jesus had compassion on them, and touched their eyes: and immediately their eyes received sight, and they followed him.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

The last week before the arrest

  • PER280 Triumphal entry into Jerusalem

    Jesus’ triumphal entry into Jerusalem on March 27, AD 33, fulfilling the prophecy of Zechariah, is a messianic declaration of peace. This event, described in all four Gospels, presents Jesus not as a conqueror but as the Prince of Peace. In response, the crowd acclaims him, affirming his messiahship.

    John 12.12-19 (King James Version) :
    On the next day much people that were come to the feast, when they heard that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem,Took branches of palm trees, and went forth to meet him, and cried, Hosanna: Blessed is the King of Israel that cometh in the name of the Lord.And Jesus, when he had found a young ass, sat thereon; as it is written,Fear not, daughter of Sion: behold, thy King cometh, sitting on an ass’s colt.These things understood not his disciples at the first: but when Jesus was glorified, then remembered they that these things were written of him, and that they had done these things unto him.The people therefore that was with him when he called Lazarus out of his grave, and raised him from the dead, bare record.For this cause the people also met him, for that they heard that he had done this miracle.The Pharisees therefore said among themselves, Perceive ye how ye prevail nothing? behold, the world is gone after him.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER285 Healing of blind and lame people

    After the cleansing of the Temple, Jesus heals the blind and the lame in the courtyard on Monday, March 28, AD 33. Only Matthew reports this episode. The crowd and the children acclaim him as Son of David, while the chief priests and the scribes, increasingly hostile, are indignant at these messianic demonstrations. This episode illustrates the contrast between the faith of the common people and the rejection by the religious authorities.

    Mark 11.15-18 (King James Version) :
    And they come to Jerusalem: and Jesus went into the temple, and began to cast out them that sold and bought in the temple, and overthrew the tables of the moneychangers, and the seats of them that sold doves;And would not suffer that any man should carry any vessel through the temple.And he taught, saying unto them, Is it not written, My house shall be called of all nations the house of prayer? but ye have made it a den of thieves.And the scribes and chief priests heard it, and sought how they might destroy him: for they feared him, because all the people was astonished at his doctrine.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER289 The authority of the Messiah Jesus challenged

    In the Temple of Jerusalem, the religious leaders publicly challenge Jesus’ authority. With a clever counter-question about the baptism of John, he reduces them to silence and exposes their bad faith. This synoptic episode (Matt 21.23-27; Mark 11.27-33; Luke 20.1-8) illustrates the growing opposition of the authorities to the Messiah during his last week before the arrest.

    John 7.46 (King James Version) :
    The officers answered, Never man spake like this man.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER307 The Judgment of the Nations

    The article analyzes the judgment of the nations in Matthew 25:31-46, where the Son of Man separates the sheep from the goats according to their actions. It emphasizes responsibility and divine justice, and calls for concrete acts of love.

    John 3.16-17 (King James Version) :
    For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life.For God sent not his Son into the world to condemn the world; but that the world through him might be saved.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

The last day up to the crucifixion

  • PER333 The words of Jesus the Messiah to the crowd at the arrest

    This article examines the arrest of Jesus in the garden of Gethsemane, highlighting his serenity and his willingness to fulfill the divine plan. Through his words, he exposes the contradictions of the religious authorities and underscores his mastery of the situation, revealing his redemptive mission out of love for humanity.

    John 18.2 (King James Version) :
    And Judas also, which betrayed him, knew the place: for Jesus ofttimes resorted thither with his disciples.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER357 The Death of the Messiah Jesus

    Pericope PER357 analyzes the death of Jesus on the cross at Golgotha, on Friday, April 1, AD 33, around 3 p.m., drawing on the four Gospel accounts. Matthew and Mark are very close; Luke reports the last words of Jesus and the reaction of the centurion; John, a direct witness, gives details of the events after his death and their prophetic fulfillment. The article includes a precise chronology of the three days and three nights according to the Jewish calendar.

    Matthew 27.34 (King James Version) :
    They gave him vinegar to drink mingled with gall: and when he had tasted thereof, he would not drink.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

Chronology

  • CHR001 The prophet Daniel

    The article examines the figure of the prophet Daniel in a series of chronological studies on the life of Jesus. It focuses on Daniel’s prophecy of the seventy weeks and discusses its historical and interpretive implications, while also exploring the context of the reign of King Josiah.

    2 Kings 22.18-20 (King James Version) :
    But to the king of Judah which sent you to enquire of the LORD, thus shall ye say to him, Thus saith the LORD God of Israel, As touching the words which thou hast heard;Because thine heart was tender, and thou hast humbled thyself before the LORD, when thou heardest what I spake against this place, and against the inhabitants thereof, that they should become a desolation and a curse, and hast rent thy clothes, and wept before me; I also have heard thee, saith the LORD.Behold therefore, I will gather thee unto thy fathers, and thou shalt be gathered into thy grave in peace; and thine eyes shall not see all the evil which I will bring upon this place. And they brought the king word again.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

Healings

  • MIR014 Healing of the blind and mute demon-possessed man

    The article explores a miracle performed by Jesus, as recounted in Matthew 12:22–23 and Luke 11:14–15, in which he heals a man possessed by a demon. The crowd is amazed and wonders if Jesus is the Son of David, the long-awaited Messiah. Compared to Luke, Matthew emphasizes the crowd’s recognition of Jesus as the Messiah, while Luke reports accusations of collusion with Beelzebub.

    Luke 11.14-15 (King James Version) :
    And he was casting out a devil, and it was dumb. And it came to pass, when the devil was gone out, the dumb spake; and the people wondered.But some of them said, He casteth out devils through Beelzebub the chief of the devils.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

Contradictions

  • CTD012 Peter’s discovery?

    Article CTD012 addresses an alleged contradiction between John 1.41 and Matthew 16.17 concerning Peter's discovery of Jesus' messianic identity. These two passages actually describe two complementary stages: an initial human announcement made by Andrew, followed by an inward divine revelation confirmed by Jesus himself. Peter's faith is a gradual journey, not a single event.

    Matthew 16.16 (King James Version) :
    And Simon Peter answered and said, Thou art the Christ, the Son of the living God.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • CTD018 John the Baptist’s doubts?

    The article explores the alleged contradiction between the Gospels of John and Matthew concerning John the Baptist's recognition of Jesus as the Messiah. It concludes that this is not a contradiction but a development in understanding in the face of unfulfilled messianic expectations.

    Isaiah 35.5-6 (King James Version) :
    Then the eyes of the blind shall be opened, and the ears of the deaf shall be unstopped.Notegrass…: or, a court for reeds, etcNotebut…: or, for he shall be with themThen shall the lame man leap as an hart, and the tongue of the dumb sing: for in the wilderness shall waters break out, and streams in the desert.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

Peter's ministry

  • ADA010 Peter's second speech

    The article explores Peter's second great speech, following Pentecost. Peter, accompanied by John, preaches in Jerusalem after the healing of a lame man, stressing Christology, repentance and the prophecies of the Messiah. The speech has an impact on the community but meets with opposition from the religious authorities.

    Acts 2.14-40 (King James Version) :
    But Peter, standing up with the eleven, lifted up his voice, and said unto them, Ye men of Judæa, and all ye that dwell at Jerusalem, be this known unto you, and hearken to my words:For these are not drunken, as ye suppose, seeing it is but the third hour of the day.But this is that which was spoken by the prophet Joel;And it shall come to pass in the last days, saith God, I will pour out of my Spirit upon all flesh: and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, and your young men shall see visions, and your old men shall dream dreams:And on my servants and on my handmaidens I will pour out in those days of my Spirit; and they shall prophesy:And I will shew wonders in heaven above, and signs in the earth beneath; blood, and fire, and vapour of smoke:The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before that great and notable day of the Lord come:And it shall come to pass, that whosoever shall call on the name of the Lord shall be saved.Ye men of Israel, hear these words; Jesus of Nazareth, a man approved of God among you by miracles and wonders and signs, which God did by him in the midst of you, as ye yourselves also know:Him, being delivered by the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God, ye have taken, and by wicked hands have crucified and slain:Whom God hath raised up, having loosed the pains of death: because it was not possible that he should be holden of it.For David speaketh concerning him, I foresaw the Lord always before my face, for he is on my right hand, that I should not be moved:Therefore did my heart rejoice, and my tongue was glad; moreover also my flesh shall rest in hope:Because thou wilt not leave my soul in hell, neither wilt thou suffer thine Holy One to see corruption.Thou hast made known to me the ways of life; thou shalt make me full of joy with thy countenance.Men and brethren, let me freely speak unto you of the patriarch David, that he is both dead and buried, and his sepulchre is with us unto this day.Therefore being a prophet, and knowing that God had sworn with an oath to him, that of the fruit of his loins, according to the flesh, he would raise up Christ to sit on his throne;He seeing this before spake of the resurrection of Christ, that his soul was not left in hell, neither his flesh did see corruption.This Jesus hath God raised up, whereof we all are witnesses.Therefore being by the right hand of God exalted, and having received of the Father the promise of the Holy Ghost, he hath shed forth this, which ye now see and hear.For David is not ascended into the heavens: but he saith himself, The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand,Until I make thy foes thy footstool.Therefore let all the house of Israel know assuredly, that God hath made that same Jesus, whom ye have crucified, both Lord and Christ.Now when they heard this, they were pricked in their heart, and said unto Peter and to the rest of the apostles, Men and brethren, what shall we do?Then Peter said unto them, Repent, and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins, and ye shall receive the gift of the Holy Ghost.For the promise is unto you, and to your children, and to all that are afar off, even as many as the Lord our God shall call.And with many other words did he testify and exhort, saying, Save yourselves from this untoward generation.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

Word of a Friend

  • PDA004 The great choice of our lives

    The article explores the crucial decision to follow Jesus despite the difficulties. Peter chooses the path of deep commitment to Jesus, favoring eternal values over immediate material blessings, unlike others who turn away. Stressing the importance of choosing the narrow path that leads to eternal life, the article urges us to put God first in order to succeed in our spiritual life and attain true salvation.

    Matthew 13.44 (King James Version) :
    Again, the kingdom of heaven is like unto treasure hid in a field; the which when a man hath found, he hideth, and for joy thereof goeth and selleth all that he hath, and buyeth that field.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PDA008 Who is Jesus?

    The article examines the identity of Jesus according to different beliefs. It invites us to move beyond intellectual knowledge and to live a personal, transforming relationship with him, as the Messiah and Lord of Christians.

    Matthew 16.13 (King James Version) :
    When Jesus came into the coasts of Caesarea Philippi, he asked his disciples, saying, Whom do men say that I the Son of man am?
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Further reading
  • ANN004 The date of birth of Jesus the Messiah

    The article proposes a birth date for Jesus based on an analysis of Daniel's prophecies and history. The crucifixion is thought to have taken place…

  • ANN008 The Gospel of Matthew

    The Gospel of Matthew is the work of the apostle, a former tax collector from Capernaum, chosen by the Twelve to record their collective testimony. He seeks to show…

  • ANN010 The two genealogies of the Messiah Jesus

    The article discusses the genealogies of Jesus in Matthew and Luke, which are essential to establishing his messianic identity. Matthew emphasizes Joseph's royal heritage, while…

  • ANN039 Those Disappointed in the Messiah Jesus

    This article discusses how Jesus disappointed some of his disciples because they expected the Messiah to be a political liberator rather than a saviour…

  • ANN072 The miracles performed by Jesus the Messiah

    The article examines Jesus' miracles in the Gospels, their meaning, their reception, and the question of their authenticity. It compares the historical perspective…

  • ANN081 The fulfilment of the prophecies

    The article examines how the prophecies of the Old Testament find their fulfillment in the life of Jesus, by identifying 24 points marked by events…

  • ANN088 The two anointings of Jesus the Messiah

    The article analyses the anointings of Jesus the Messiah in the Gospels, illustrating the contrast in values between Jesus and Simon the Pharisee. It highlights the…