PER228

The judgment of religious leaders and the rebukes of Jesus the Messiah

During a meal at a Pharisee's house in Jerusalem (late 32), Jesus utters severe rebukes against the Pharisees and the teachers of the law. Luke 11.38-54, the only gospel to recount this episode, describes a hostile atmosphere in which the religious authorities look for evidence to condemn Jesus. His cutting words are in reality a call to repentance, ignored by men blinded by pride.

5 min Pharisees teachers of the law Jesus' rebukes religious judgment hypocrisy 5 verses 2 books

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Biblical texts

Matthew
Matthew (King James Version) not cited in the book
Mark
Mark (King James Version) not cited in the book
Luke
Luke 11.38-54 (King James Version)

And when the Pharisee saw it, he marvelled that he had not first washed before dinner.

And the Lord said unto him, Now do ye Pharisees make clean the outside of the cup and the platter; but your inward part is full of ravening and wickedness.

Ye fools, did not he that made that which is without make that which is within also?

But rather give alms of such things as ye have; and, behold, all things are clean unto you.

But woe unto you, Pharisees! for ye tithe mint and rue and all manner of herbs, and pass over judgment and the love of God: these ought ye to have done, and not to leave the other undone.

Woe unto you, Pharisees! for ye love the uppermost seats in the , and greetings in the markets.

Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye are as graves which appear not, and the men that walk over them are not aware of them.

Then answered one of the lawyers, and said unto him, Master, thus saying thou reproachest us also.

And he said, Woe unto you also, ye lawyers! for ye lade men with burdens grievous to be borne, and ye yourselves touch not the burdens with one of your fingers.

Woe unto you! for ye build the sepulchres of the prophets, and your fathers killed them.

Truly ye bear witness that ye allow the deeds of your fathers: for they indeed killed them, and ye build their sepulchres.

Therefore also said the wisdom of God, I will send them prophets and apostles, and some of them they shall slay and persecute:

That the blood of all the prophets, which was shed from the foundation of the world, may be required of this generation;

From the blood of Abel unto the blood of Zacharias, which perished between the altar and the temple: verily I say unto you, It shall be required of this generation.

Woe unto you, lawyers! for ye have taken away the key of knowledge: ye entered not in yourselves, and them that were entering in ye hindered.

And as he said these things unto them, the scribes and the Pharisees began to urge him vehemently, and to provoke him to speak of many things:

Laying wait for him, and seeking to catch something out of his mouth, that they might accuse him.

John
John (King James Version) not cited in the book

Technical details

Year AD 32

Location: House of a Pharisee in Jerusalem

Date: Late November or early December AD 32

Method: We continue with Luke

Note on the method: Luke is the only one to speak of this journey to Jerusalem

Jerusalem region

The and the teachers of the law are angered as they hear the words of Jesus the Messiah.

The judgment of religious leaders and the rebukes of Jesus the Messiah

End of the meal at the Pharisee's house

What was the Master's objective?

We have considered a change in the policy of the Jewish religious authorities. They evidently no longer want a popular lynching but a formal arrest, with a trial and a death sentence. The objective would therefore now be to gather evidence that would be decisive for the judgment.

It should be remembered that, although some religious leaders were considering a swift execution, not all the shared this view. A significant number of them insisted on the application of the law (see John 7.51). In this context, it is quite likely that a change of strategy was adopted, while maintaining the initial goal of putting Jesus the Messiah to death.

The dialogue takes on an accusatory tone when the Master expresses his point of view. Some of the participants react (Luke 7.45) and feel concerned by his words.

What was the Master's objective?

This may well have been the only opportunity these people had to hear this message. Several listeners were perhaps struck by the words of Jesus the Messiah.

The slightest detail becomes the subject of an accusation and a debate. This is by no means a friendly meal such as we might have imagined. Everything centers on the person of Jesus the Messiah, and the and the teachers of the law seek to establish evidence capable of condemning him.

Luke 11.53 makes it clear that the atmosphere turns bitter, because these men evidently cannot find any evidence that would allow them to bring an accusation.

The

We note that Jesus the Messiah uses these moments to warn these men, and that these words, which may seem harsh and cutting, are a call to change. But do these men, blinded by hatred, want that? We can imagine that some witnesses of these exchanges may have thought that no man ever spoke like this man (John 7.46). The end of the meal reveals the true feelings that motivated these and these teachers of the law, blinded by their pride.

These men considered themselves the guardians of knowledge and spiritual wisdom. So how could a humble man like Jesus the Messiah claim to instruct and correct them?