The Elohist source (or Elohist), often abbreviated as E, is a hypothetical source of the according to the documentary hypothesis. Here are some key points about it:
Origin and Definition
Documentary hypothesis: This hypothesis, developed in the 19th century, proposes that the is made up of several distinct sources: Jahwist (J), Elohist (E), Deuteronomist (D) and Priestly (P).
Divine name: The Elohist source is so named because it frequently uses the divine name Elohim for God, rather than .
Characteristics
Style and theology: The Elohist source is characterized by a more transcendent view of God, avoiding anthropomorphisms. It often emphasizes prophecy and divine revelation through dreams and visions.
Attributed passages: Certain accounts, such as the call of Abraham (Genesis 20), Jacob's dream at Bethel (Genesis 28.10-22), and parts of the story of Joseph are attributed to this source.
Dating and validity
Dating: Scholars estimate that the Elohist source was written during the time of the northern kingdom of Israel, between the 9th and 8th centuries BCE.
Validity: Like the , the validity of the Elohist source and of the documentary hypothesis in general is debated among contemporary scholars, some of whom prefer other models to explain the composition of the .
In summary, the Elohist source is a theoretical component of the critical study of biblical texts, offering a particular perspective on the relationship between God and human beings.