PER290

The parable of the two sons

The parable of the two sons (Matt 21,28-32), recorded only by Matthew, takes place in the Temple of Jerusalem during Jesus’ last week. It contrasts two attitudes: promising without acting versus refusing and then obeying. Jesus unmasks the hypocrisy of the religious leaders and announces that repentant sinners enter the Kingdom ahead of them. A universal call to humility and sincere repentance.

11 min parable of the two sons Matthew 21 repentance Kingdom of God Pharisees 14 verses 5 books

Resources

Biblical texts

Matthew
Matthew 21.28-32 (King James Version)

But what think ye? A certain man had two sons; and he came to the first, and said, Son, go work to day in my vineyard.

He answered and said, I will not: but afterward he repented, and went.

And he came to the second, and said likewise. And he answered and said, I go, sir: and went not.

Whether of them twain did the will of his father? They say unto him, The first. Jesus saith unto them, Verily I say unto you, That the publicans and the harlots go into the kingdom of God before you.

For John came unto you in the way of righteousness, and ye believed him not: but the publicans and the harlots believed him: and ye, when ye had seen it, repented not afterward, that ye might believe him.

Mark
Mark (King James Version) not cited in the book
Luke
Luke (King James Version) not cited in the book
John
John (King James Version) not cited in the book

Technical details

AD 33

Location: The courtyard of the Temple of Jerusalem

Date: Tuesday, March 29, AD 33

Method: We return to Matthew

Note on the method: Matthew is the only one to relate this discourse

Map of Jerusalem and Its Surroundings
Bar graph Tuesday, March 29

The Messiah Jesus proclaims to the attentive crowd a about two sons.

Comments

Matthew, alone among the evangelists, gives us these lines of rare intensity. His gaze penetrates the hearts of the religious men of his day: guardians of the Law, sure of themselves, yet blind to the light. Through his words, Matthew unveils a disturbing truth: the message of the Kingdom is not flattery for the powerful, but an urgent call to repentance, even for those who believe they already know everything about God.
Matthew 21.28-32

The condemnation Jesus pronounces is not that of an inflexible judge, but that of a physician wounded by his patients’ unbelief. He does not close the door; on the contrary, he leaves it wide open. Yet he announces that others will go first: repentant sinners, tax collectors and prostitutes, those despised souls who nevertheless welcomed mercy with a broken heart.
Matthew 21.31

The proud teachers of the Law will not be excluded, but they will enter only after acknowledging their error, in the humility of a sincere repentance.
Luke 18.9-14

They then understand that, in the of the two sons, the second son, the one who promised but did not obey, represents them. They professed their devotion to God, but refused to obey his will when the Son himself stood before them.
Matthew 21.30

The scene is poignant. Around Jesus the crowd presses in: simple men and women, their faces weathered by life, lend an ear. They understand. They sense the gentleness and strength that radiate from his voice.
And while the seethe in silence, the people rejoice to see the truth burst forth, radiant and liberating. These religious men, so sure they were Israel’s guides, are exposed. They had wanted to teach, and now they are the ones being taught.
Mark 12.37

In the same breath of the Spirit, Matthew extends this revelation beyond the moment. In his chapter 13, he gathers six parables, precious jewels offered for the meditation of believers.

The sower, patient and generous, who scatters the Word on every soil, good or bad.
Matthew 13.3-23

The weeds among the wheat, which remind us that judgment belongs to God alone.
Matthew 13.24-30

The mustard seed and the leaven, symbols of a Kingdom that is discreet yet irresistible, growing in silence.
Matthew 13.31-33

The hidden treasure and the pearl of great price, images of the joy of the one who discovers the true good and gives up everything to possess it.
Matthew 13.44-46

The net cast into the sea, which gathers all kinds of fish until the day when justice will separate the righteous from the wicked.
Matthew 13.47-50

These parables are like the heartbeats of the Kingdom of God.
They teach that salvation is obtained neither by birth, nor by knowledge, nor by apparent perfection, but by humility, faith and listening to the Master.
John 3.16-17
Romans 10.9-10

For it is in the silence of the repentant heart that the true journey toward the Kingdom begins.
Matthew 5.3