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The Heidelberg Disputation

The Heidelberg Disputation, held on 26 April 1518, was a major theological debate in which Martin Luther defended his theology of the cross against the Catholic theology of glory. He affirmed human inability to be justified by works and the need for grace alone through faith. A key event in the Protestant Reformation, this disputation profoundly influenced several reformers of the following generation.

2 min Heidelberg Disputation Martin Luther theology of the cross Protestant Reformation justification by faith

The Heidelberg Disputation

The Heidelberg Disputation (or Heidelberger Disputation) was a theological debate held on 26 April 1518 in Heidelberg, in the Holy Empire. Martin Luther presented his theological and philosophical theses there, focusing mainly on the theology of the cross, sin, corruption and justification by faith apart from works.

Luther developed a theology of the cross in opposition to the theology of glory of medieval Catholicism. He maintained that human beings could not attain righteousness through their works, but had to despair entirely of themselves to receive the grace of Christ.

This disputation was a key moment in the , as it marked Luther’s growing awareness of the contradictions between Roman Catholic theology and biblical theology.